Boyle’s Law
What happens to a gas when you squeeze it into a smaller space?
Its pressure increases.
What happens to a balloon left in a hot car?
It expands
is orange juice acidic or basic
acidic
What does a chemical system try to do after being disturbed?
return to equilibrium
what phase change happens when ice turns into water
melting
If pressure increases, what happens to volume?
Volume goes down
Why does a basketball feel flatter on a cold day?
Lower temperature decreases gas volume
which has a higher pH: soap or lemon juice?
soap
If more reactants are added, which side will the reaction shift towards?
products
What phase change happens when water becomes steam?
vaporization
Why does a syringe get harder to push as you press it down?
The gas particles get compressed with increases the pressure
What temperature scale must be used in gas law calculations?
Kelvin
what pH number is considered neutral?
7
Why does removing products make the reaction produce more?
The system tries to replace what was removed
Why doesn’t temperature increase during a phase change?
Energy is breaking intermolecular forces.
A gas occupies 12 L at 3 atm. If the pressure changes to 9 atm, what will the new volume be?
4L
A gas has a volume of 5L at 250K. It is heated to 500K. What is the new volume?
10L
Which solution is more basic: pH 9 or pH 12? Explain
pH 12 because a higher pH means more OH- ions and greater basicity.
In a reaction with 4 gas molecules on the left and 2 on the right, which side would equilibrium shift if pressure increased?
To the right because it has fewer gas particles
On a heating curve, why does the graph flatten during melting and boiling?
Heat energy goes into changing phases instead of raising temperature.
A scuba diver releases an air bubble underwater. Explain why the bubble changes size as it rises and use Boyle’s Law to support your answer.
As the bubble rises, pressure decreases, causing volume to increase according to Boyle’s Law
Two balloons are identical. One is placed in a freezer and one in sunlight. Explain what happens to each balloon and why using Charles's Law.
The freezer balloon shrinks because temperature decreases volume; the sunny balloon expands because increasing temperature increases volume.
A student says a solution with pH 4 is only slightly more acidic than one with pH 6. Explain why this is incorrect.
Each pH number changes by a factor of 10, so pH 4 is 100 times more acidic.
A reaction at equilibrium suddenly produces more products after reactants are added. Why does this happen?
The added reactants disturbed equilibrium so the system shifted right to restore it.
Compare the energy needed for melting and vaporization and explain why one requires more.
Vaporization requires more because particles must separate much farther and overcome stronger intermolecular attractions