Vocab Government and Society
A form of government in which citizens hold power.
Democracy
A soldier who serves another country for pay.
Mercenary
Blind poet who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey.
Homer
These free non-enslaved foreigners lived and worked in Greek city-states.
Metics
The Minoans did NOT build walls because their control of this discouraged invaders.
The sea
Member of the nobility or upper class in Ancient Greece.
Aristocrat
A poet who tells stories by singing.
Bard
The Persian king who failed to conquer Greece.
Xerxes
Spartan women trained in these three physical activities.
gymnastics, wrestling, and boxing?
Words like “police” and “politics” come from what word
Polis
A plan of government.
Constitution
A military formation where foot soldiers joined their shields.
Phalanx
The Spartan king who led his troops to heroic defeat at Thermopylae.
Leonidas
The Iliad tells the story of this war.
war between the Mycenaeans and the Trojans?
A major factor in Greek victories during the Persian Wars was cooperation between these independent states.
City-States
A gathering of men that included food, drink, entertainment, and discussion.
Symposium
A complex, confusing series of connected passageways.
Labyrinth
A peninsula south of Greece and home of Sparta.
Peloponnesus
Athenians favored lotteries because elections could be influenced by these groups.
the wealthy or well-spoken
Greece’s mountainous terrain and coastline shaped its development in at least two major ways. Name one.
Limited farmland → city-states remained independent and competitive
Mountains separated communities → created strong local identities
Coastline encouraged trade and seafaring → cultural exchange and wealth
Geography encouraged naval power → success in Persian Wars
Isolation led to unique political developments (e.g., democracy in Athens)
A form of government where a small group holds power.
Oligarchy
The art of public speaking.
Rhetoric
Location 25 miles north of Athens where Greeks killed 7,000 Persians.
Marathon
The two Aegean civilizations that came before the Greeks.
the Minoans and the Mycenaeans
During Athens’ Golden Age, this general led the city-state.
Pericles