Children as Athletes
When programming for a child athlete, the CSCS should use the _____ age for reference.
biological
T/F. Since the physiological characteristics of muscle in the sexes are the same, there is no sensible reason why resistance training programs for women need to be difference from men.
True.
T/F. In general, there is an inverse relationship between the effects of aging and the effects of resistance training.
True
Given greater potential for preexisting medical conditions, especially those with a history of cardiovascular disease, older adults should avoid the _____.
valsalva maneuver
T/F. Because they are still developing, children do not need to follow healthy lifestyle habits such as appropriate nutrition, hydration, sleep, etc.
Also known as the "growth spurt," this is the period in childhood when maximum rate of growth occurs.
Peak Height Velocity
When examining strength and power output, and looking at muscle CSA, the differences between men and women _____.
tend to disappear
A training frequency of _____ times per week is recommended for older adults, at least during the initial adaptation period.
2
Forces placed on the joints of young athletes during sport participation may be (greater than / less than) those generated from resistance training programs.
greater than
The body type characterized by the athlete being muscular with broad shoulders.
mesomorph
Accounts for the maturity of the skeletal age, muscular development, hormonal development
biological age
Female athletes are up to _____ times more likely to experience an ACL injury than men.
6x
A motor control strategy to dynamically stabilize the joint.
cocontraction
Vitamin _____ deficiencies could lead to decreased BMD, osteopenia, or osteoporosis.
D
In the aging athlete, the loss of muscle mass is not uniform. The loss from the _____ is usually greater that the _____.
legs; arms.
The 5 types of Salter-Harris Fractures
Straight Across, Above, Lower, Through Everything, Crush
The female athlete triad consists of _____, _____, and _____.
energy availability; menstrual function; bone mineral density
The condition of having a decreased BMD, -1 to -2.5 standard deviations below the norm.
osteopenia
Most ACL injuries in women occur from _____ mechanisms.
noncontact
The psychological condition characterized by
an extreme pursuit of muscularity and leanness.
Bigorexia Nervosa (muscle dysmorphia; reverse anorexia)
Girls' peak height velocity occurs at _____ years of age while boys' peak height velocity occurs at _____ years of age.
12-13; 14-15
In terms of absolute strength, women tend to have about _____ the strength of men.
2/3
Loss of muscle mass associated with aging
sarcopenia
The absence of a menstrual cycle for more than 3 months.
amenorrhea
Describe the height, weight, and body size characteristics between boys and girls prior to puberty.
Trick question. There are essentially no differences.