Signs and Symptoms
This type of angina occurs at rest and is unpredictable.
Unstable angina
Dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) are hallmark respiratory symptoms of _____ -sided heart failure.
Left-sided heart failure.
After administering epinephrine during a cardiac arrest, this action is performed immediately.
Chest compressions
This drug is first-line for symptomatic bradycardia.
Atropine
This intervention treats unstable tachycardia.
Synchronized cardioversion
A sudden severe chest pain with a pulsatile mass suggests this vascular emergency.
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
This visible venous abnormality is a key sign of right-sided heart failure.
Jugular venous distension (JVD)
If a shockable rhythm is confirmed in a witnessed cardiac arrest, this intervention is performed immediately.
Defibrillation
The definitive treatment for unstable bradycardia if medications are ineffective.
Transcutaneous pacing
This clinical determination guides whether a tachycardic patient needs immediate synchronized cardioversion.
CASH
Chest pain, AMS, Short of Breath, Hypotension
Hypotension, JVD, and muffled heart sounds are components of this condition.
Beck’s triad
Peripheral edema and hepatomegaly occur in this type of heart failure.
Right-sided heart failure
This is the ROSC goal for SpO2
Maintain 92–98%
After atropine fails, these two drugs can be used as infusions to treat bradycardia.
Dopamine and epinephrine
This is the drug of choice for torsades de pointes.
Magnesium sulfate
Positional angina while laying down and global ST-elevation indicates this condition.
Pericarditis
Pink, frothy sputum is a hallmark sign of this condition in left-sided heart failure.
Pulmonary edema
Monitoring this value provides real-time feedback on CPR quality and can indicate ROSC.
ETCO2 (end-tidal CO2)
The mechanism by which atropine treats bradycardia in the ACLS algorithm.
Blocking parasympathetic input to increase heart rate
Wide-complex monomorphic tachycardia with a pulse can be treated with this medication before considering synchronized cardioversion.
Amiodarone (150 mg IV over 10 minutes)
Lidocaine (1-1.5mg/kg IV push)
Fever, dyspnea, and a pericardial friction rub may indicate this inflammatory condition.
Pericarditits
This symptom differentiates right-sided heart failure due to systemic congestion and involves abdominal fluid accumulation.
Ascites
These are the reversible causes of cardiac arrest (H's and T's)
This heart block rhythm is unlikely to respond to atropine in the bradycardia algorithm.
2nd-degree Type II heart block and 3rd-degree (complete) heart block
This is why synchronized cardioversion is preferred over unsynchronized defibrillation in patients with tachycardia and a pulse.
Avoiding the risk of inducing ventricular fibrillation by delivering a shock during the vulnerable phase of the T wave