Cardiovascular System
In a blood pressure of 120/80, what does the “80” indicate?
Pressure in the relaxed ventricles
The nurse is educating an older adult patient who is taking antihypertensives with diuretics. Which information regarding safety precautions is most important for the nurse to include?
Sit on the side of the bed before standing
The nurse is caring for a patient who underwent endovenous laser treatment. What is one of the best interventions for postprocedure?
I should walk at least an hour every day for 2 weeks.”
The nurse is caring for a 50-year-old patient who complains of tingling in his toes. Which skin assessment finding would cause the nurse to suspect arterial insufficiency
Shiny, hairless legs
The nurse is caring for a 90-year-old resident in a long-term care facility who is becoming progressively confused and irritable. What should the nurse do next?
Request an order for a urinalysis
The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of hypertension. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain regarding over the counter medications?
Do you use over-the-counter decongestants or diet pills?”
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for a loop diuretic. Which nutritional intervention is most important for the nurse to add to the care plan? Why should they avoid bananas and potatoes?
The are foods high in potassium
The nurse is teaching a patient who takes warfarin (Coumadin) about a coagulation monitoring device. Which blood clotting time should the device monitors?
INR
You are providing postoperative care for a patient who underwent an carotid endarterectomy, how often would you monitor neurological signs?
2-4 hours
The nurse is reviewing a history and physical examination of a 22-year-old man hospitalized for acute glomerulonephritis. Which finding best alerts the nurse to a potential causative agent
A recent strep throat infection
How should you best store nitroglycerin?
Store in a cool, dark location
In a DASH diet, sodium should be kept to less than ______________mg/ day
2400mg
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm who complains of sudden, intense abdominal pain, and light-headedness. What action should the nurse take next?
Contact the physician immediately
The nurse is caring for a patient with a deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Which medication would likely be used for IV treatment?
Heparin
The nurse is caring for a patient who underwent a right nephrostomy to relieve hydronephrosis. Which intervention is most important for this patient
Assess urinary output from the kidney
What are some modifiable risk factors increase a patient’s risk for heart disease?
Smoking, Obesity, Sedimentary lifestyle
How is hypertension diagnosed?
A systolic pressure is equal or greater than 130mm HG and a diastolic is equal to or greater than 85mm HG when taken at least twice and averaged on two different occasions 2 weeks apart
List the 5 P's arterial disease?
Pain, Pallor, Pulse, Paresthesia, Paralysis
Which medication is the most common and effective antiplatelet aggregation agent to reduce clotting?
Aspirin
The drug alteplase (t-PA) is given to the patient with a myocardial infarction (MI). Which statement accurately describes the purpose of this medication?
Alteplase (t-PA) dissolves the obstruction in the coronary artery
The nurse is teaching a patient about the purpose of his telemetry. What would the patient say to indicate that the nurse’s teaching has been successful?
The nurses will be able to monitor my heart rate and rhythm.
The home health nurse is caring for a patient with a blood pressure reading of 200/160. The patient denies any discomfort. The nurse should immediately contact the health care provider to report that the patient is experiencing which problem?
Hypertensive Crisis
The nurse is caring for a 75-year-old patient with a history of diabetes and peripheral vascular disease (PVD). The nurse observes an inflamed and excoriated area on the patient’s right shin. Which intervention should the nurse perform first?
Cover with an occlusive dressing
The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking digitalis. The patient complains of increased thirst, and the nurse observes dry mucous membranes. Which additional finding warrants the nurse’s immediate attention?
Blurred vision
What 2 classes of medications will be held prior to dialysis?
Antihypertensive and anticoagulants