Energy and Motion
What is the ability to do work?
ENERGY
Give an example of a contact force
FRICTION
What is measured by how much force it takes to move an object and how far an object moves?
WORK
Remember:
- same distance: more force = more work, less force = less work
- same force: more distance = more work, less distance = less work
A bar that turns on a point is called
LEVER
A ramp and a playground slide are examples of
INCLINED PLANE
A ball falls off a table, what is happening? (Explain in terms of Potential and Kinetic Energy)
Potential Energy changing to Kinetic energy
GRAVITY
What is MOTION?
Change in position
A simple machine that is a wheel with a rod running through it is
WHEEL AND AXLE
A wheelbarrow and a rake are examples of
LEVER
A foam ball and a bowling ball are traveling at the same speed. Which one has more kinetic energy?
The bowling ball because of its weight
Why is friction beneficial?
1. keeps us from slipping and sliding (when walking and running)
2. keeps cars from sliding off roads
3. Allows us to hold and grip items
4. Heat (example: rubbing hands together)
The weight of an object being moved by a simple machine is the
LOAD
An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder is a
SCREW
The simple machine used to move a school’s flag up the flagpole is an example of
PULLEY
For a bulb to light up, _________________ energy changes to ______________ energy
Electrical Energy to Light Energy (Heat Energy is also given off)
Why is gravity beneficial?
1. keeps us (and other objects too) on the ground
2. holds our atmosphere
3. helps our bodies (strengthens muscles and bones)
The force applied to cause a simple machine to do work is
EFFORT
A simple machine that is made up of one or more inclined planes and is used to force materials apart is a
WEDGE
The turning point of a lever is called a
FULCRUM
For a drone to fly, ____________ energy needs to change to _____________ energy
Electrical Energy to Kinetic Energy
Two friends are playing catch. The ball drops, rolls on the grass, slows down, and finally comes to a stop.
What 2 forces are responsible for this?
GRAVITY
FRICTION
An inclined plane reduces the amount of ____ needed to move an object against gravity to a higher position
EFFORT
A simple machine made of a wheel with a groove that holds a rope is
PULLEY
When using a pulley to lift a box, the direction of the effort is __________________________ , and the direction of the load is __________________________
direction of the effort is DOWN
direction of the load is UP