4.RC.1
4.RC.2
4.RC.3
4.RC.10
Mixed Review
100
"The Midnight Discovery"
(1) Maya shifted her backpack and glanced at her watch. It was already 8:15 PM, and the shadows across the library floor were growing long.
(2) "We need to find the 1880 town ledger before Mr. Davis locks up," she whispered, her eyes scanning the dusty shelves in the basement archive.
(3) Marcus pulled a brass key from his pocket—the one his grandfather had given him before moving to the care home—and inserted it into the heavy iron cabinet in the corner.
(4) Inside lay three leather-bound books. Maya pulled out the oldest one and blew off a cloud of dust. As she turned to page 42, a faded yellow map tumbled onto the floor, showing an unmarked tunnel leading from the old town hall straight to the riverbank.
Based on details stated explicitly in the text, why are Maya and Marcus in a hurry?
A) They are worried their parents will be upset with them.
B) The library is about to close for the night.
C) They hear Mr. Davis walking down the basement stairs.
D) The flashlights they brought are running out of battery.
B) The library is about to close for the night.
100
"The Lighthousekeeper's Daughter"
Elena lives at a remote lighthouse with her father. When a sudden storm knocks out the main lamp and her father is injured, Elena must climb the slippery tower in total darkness, manually light the emergency burner, and keep watch through the freezing night so ships can navigate safely.
A 4th-grade student is drafting a summary of "The Lighthousekeeper's Daughter." Which event is an essential plot point that MUST be included?
A) The lighthouse tower has 112 spiral stairs.
B) A sudden storm knocks out the main lighthouse lamp and injures Elena’s father.
C) Elena’s father wears heavy yellow rain boots when working.
D) The emergency room at the bottom of the tower contains extra oil lamps.
B) A sudden storm knocks out the main lighthouse lamp and injures Elena’s father.
100
"The Broken Clock Tower"
(1) Toby gripped his wrench tightly, his knees trembling on the narrow wooden plank near the top of the town clock tower. Below him, the annual Harvest Festival crowds cheered, unaware that the colossal iron gear controlling the clock was slipping from its axle.
(2) "I can't do this, Mr. Sterling," Toby shouted into the wind. "I'm just an apprentice! If I drop this bolt, the whole mechanism jams!"
(3) Mr. Sterling, nursing a sprained wrist on the floor below, called up calmly: "You know the gears better than anyone, Toby. Focus on the mark you made yesterday."
(4) Taking a deep breath, Toby ignored the dizzying height below. He leaned forward, aligned the gear teeth perfectly, and tightened the bolt just as the clock struck five o'clock—signaling the start of the festival parade.
Based on details in Paragraph 4, how does Toby’s specific action directly impact the plot's resolution?
A) His decision to yell down to Mr. Sterling causes the crowd below to notice the danger.
B) His action of tightening the slipping gear bolt allows the festival parade to begin on time at 5 o'clock.
C) His decision to drop his wrench causes the main clock mechanism to jam permanently.
D) His action of climbing down the tower leaves Mr. Sterling to fix the clock alone
B) His action of tightening the slipping gear bolt allows the festival parade to begin on time at 5 o'clock.
100
Energy Flow in Ecosystems
How Energy Moves Through Food Webs
(1) Every living organism requires energy to survive. Autotrophs, such as green plants and algae, produce their own food using sunlight through photosynthesis.
(2) Unlike plants, animals are heterotrophs—meaning they cannot make their own food and must consume other plants or animals to obtain nutrients. Organisms like mushrooms and worms act as decomposers, breaking down dead plant and animal matter to return vital nutrients to the soil.
Based on the context clues in Paragraph 1, what is the meaning of the word autotrophs?
A) Animals that hunt other animals for food.
B) Organisms that produce their own food using sunlight.
C) Fungi that break down decaying soil materials.
D) Plants that grow only in dark environments
B) Organisms that produce their own food using sunlight.
100
Guardians of the Coral Reef
(1) Kai adjusted his diving mask and swam toward the shallow lagoon. His grandmother had warned him that the reef was in jeopardy due to rising ocean temperatures, but seeing the bleached, pale coral with his own eyes made his chest ache.
(2) Microscopic algae called zooxanthellae live inside coral tissues, providing food through photosynthesis while giving corals their vibrant colors. When waters overheat, corals expel these organisms—a process known as coral bleaching. Without their algal partners, corals starve.
(3) Knowing the local fishing boat engines were churning up hot surface water near the bay, Kai gathered his youth group to construct floating shade mats from woven palm leaves. Working through the scorching afternoon, they anchored the mats directly over the nursery section.
(4) By sunset, ocean sensors showed a slight drop in water temperature under the shaded zone. As Kai swam under the mats, he spotted tiny neon fish returning to the branches, proving that small community actions can help fragile ecosystems recover.
Based on context clues in Paragraph 2, what are zooxanthellae?
A) Tiny fish that protect the coral from predator attacks.
B) Microscopic algae living inside coral that provide food and color.
C) Floating palm leaf mats built to shade shallow reef lagoons.
D) Engine parts that heat ocean surface waters in bays.
B) Microscopic algae living inside coral that provide food and color.
200
"The Midnight Discovery"
(1) Maya shifted her backpack and glanced at her watch. It was already 8:15 PM, and the shadows across the library floor were growing long.
(2) "We need to find the 1880 town ledger before Mr. Davis locks up," she whispered, her eyes scanning the dusty shelves in the basement archive.
(3) Marcus pulled a brass key from his pocket—the one his grandfather had given him before moving to the care home—and inserted it into the heavy iron cabinet in the corner.
(4) Inside lay three leather-bound books. Maya pulled out the oldest one and blew off a cloud of dust. As she turned to page 42, a faded yellow map tumbled onto the floor, showing an unmarked tunnel leading from the old town hall straight to the riverbank.
What can readers infer about Marcus’s grandfather based on the details in Paragraph 3?
A) He used to work at or have access to the library's restricted archive cabinet.
B) He hid the faded yellow map in the cabinet to keep it away from Mr. Davis.
C) He built the secret tunnel leading from the old town hall to the riverbank.
D) He currently lives in the basement of the library with Mr. Davis.
A) He used to work at or have access to the library's restricted archive cabinet.
200
"The Lighthousekeeper's Daughter"
Elena lives at a remote lighthouse with her father. When a sudden storm knocks out the main lamp and her father is injured, Elena must climb the slippery tower in total darkness, manually light the emergency burner, and keep watch through the freezing night so ships can navigate safely.
Which of the following best represents a proficient, concise summary of the story's main events?
A) Elena lives in a quiet lighthouse with her father, who wears yellow boots. One day a big storm arrives, and her father gets hurt, so Elena sits on a green wooden chair all night.
B) When a violent storm disables the lighthouse lamp and injures her father, Elena faces her fears in total darkness to light the emergency beacon, keeping ship captains safe until morning.
C) Elena climbs 112 cold steps in the dark because the main lamp breaks during a winter storm. She lights a burner, stays awake for hours, and watches ships pass by safely.
D) Elena's father gets hurt during a storm because he cannot fix the lamp in time. Elena has to take over his job at the lighthouse permanently.
B) When a violent storm disables the lighthouse lamp and injures her father, Elena faces her fears in total darkness to light the emergency beacon, keeping ship captains safe until morning
200
"The Broken Clock Tower"
(1) Toby gripped his wrench tightly, his knees trembling on the narrow wooden plank near the top of the town clock tower. Below him, the annual Harvest Festival crowds cheered, unaware that the colossal iron gear controlling the clock was slipping from its axle.
(2) "I can't do this, Mr. Sterling," Toby shouted into the wind. "I'm just an apprentice! If I drop this bolt, the whole mechanism jams!"
(3) Mr. Sterling, nursing a sprained wrist on the floor below, called up calmly: "You know the gears better than anyone, Toby. Focus on the mark you made yesterday."
(4) Taking a deep breath, Toby ignored the dizzying height below. He leaned forward, aligned the gear teeth perfectly, and tightened the bolt just as the clock struck five o'clock—signaling the start of the festival parade.
How does the setting (the top of the clock tower) impact Toby's conflict in the story?
A) The cold temperature inside the tower causes Toby's hands to freeze, making him drop his tools.
B) The high, narrow wooden plank creates physical danger and heightens Toby's fear while trying to make the repair.
C) The loud noise of the festival crowd below prevents Toby from hearing Mr. Sterling's instructions.
D) The dark, enclosed space inside the tower forces Toby to work without any light.
B) The high, narrow wooden plank creates physical danger and heightens Toby's fear while trying to make the repair.
200
How Energy Moves Through Food Webs
(1) Every living organism requires energy to survive. Autotrophs, such as green plants and algae, produce their own food using sunlight through photosynthesis.
(2) Unlike plants, animals are heterotrophs—meaning they cannot make their own food and must consume other plants or animals to obtain nutrients. Organisms like mushrooms and worms act as decomposers, breaking down dead plant and animal matter to return vital nutrients to the soil.
Look at the bold word heterotrophs in Paragraph 2. Which phrase in the sentence acts as a direct clue to define this unknown word?
A) "Unlike plants..."
B) "...cannot make their own food and must consume other plants or animals..."
C) "...break down dead plant and animal matter..."
D) "...return vital nutrients to the soil."
B) "...cannot make their own food and must consume other plants or animals..."
200
Guardians of the Coral Reef
(1) Kai adjusted his diving mask and swam toward the shallow lagoon. His grandmother had warned him that the reef was in jeopardy due to rising ocean temperatures, but seeing the bleached, pale coral with his own eyes made his chest ache.
(2) Microscopic algae called zooxanthellae live inside coral tissues, providing food through photosynthesis while giving corals their vibrant colors. When waters overheat, corals expel these organisms—a process known as coral bleaching. Without their algal partners, corals starve.
(3) Knowing the local fishing boat engines were churning up hot surface water near the bay, Kai gathered his youth group to construct floating shade mats from woven palm leaves. Working through the scorching afternoon, they anchored the mats directly over the nursery section.
(4) By sunset, ocean sensors showed a slight drop in water temperature under the shaded zone. As Kai swam under the mats, he spotted tiny neon fish returning to the branches, proving that small community actions can help fragile ecosystems recover.
What can a reader infer about Kai’s character based on his actions in Paragraph 3?
A) He prefers working alone rather than asking his community for help.
B) He believes that only marine scientists have the tools to save coral reefs.
C) He is resourceful and proactive when solving environmental problems.
D) He enjoys spending his afternoons weaving palm leaves for local fishing boats.
C) He is resourceful and proactive when solving environmental problems.
300
"The Midnight Discovery"
(1) Maya shifted her backpack and glanced at her watch. It was already 8:15 PM, and the shadows across the library floor were growing long.
(2) "We need to find the 1880 town ledger before Mr. Davis locks up," she whispered, her eyes scanning the dusty shelves in the basement archive.
(3) Marcus pulled a brass key from his pocket—the one his grandfather had given him before moving to the care home—and inserted it into the heavy iron cabinet in the corner.
(4) Inside lay three leather-bound books. Maya pulled out the oldest one and blew off a cloud of dust. As she turned to page 42, a faded yellow map tumbled onto the floor, showing an unmarked tunnel leading from the old town hall straight to the riverbank.
Based on details throughout the text, a reader infers: "The leather-bound books in the cabinet have not been opened in a very long time."
Select the TWO details from the text that best support this inference:
A) Marcus inserts a brass key into the heavy iron cabinet.
B) Maya has to blow a cloud of dust off the oldest book.
C) Maya pulls out the book and turns directly to page 42.
D) The map that falls out of the book is faded and yellow.
E) Mr. Davis is preparing to lock up the library at 8:15 PM.
B) Maya has to blow a cloud of dust off the oldest book.
D) The map that falls out of the book is faded and yellow.
300
A student wrote this summary:
"Elena lives in a lighthouse. A bad storm knocks out the lamp, so she climbs 112 cold steps, lights the emergency burner, and sits on a green wooden chair until dawn to keep ships safe."
Select the TWO details that should be REMOVED to make this summary concise and focused:
A) A bad storm knocks out the lamp
B) Climbs 112 cold steps
C) Lights the emergency burner
D) Sits on a green wooden chair
E) Keep ships safe
B) Climbs 112 cold steps
D) Sits on a green wooden chair
300
"The Broken Clock Tower"
(1) Toby gripped his wrench tightly, his knees trembling on the narrow wooden plank near the top of the town clock tower. Below him, the annual Harvest Festival crowds cheered, unaware that the colossal iron gear controlling the clock was slipping from its axle.
(2) "I can't do this, Mr. Sterling," Toby shouted into the wind. "I'm just an apprentice! If I drop this bolt, the whole mechanism jams!"
(3) Mr. Sterling, nursing a sprained wrist on the floor below, called up calmly: "You know the gears better than anyone, Toby. Focus on the mark you made yesterday."
(4) Taking a deep breath, Toby ignored the dizzying height below. He leaned forward, aligned the gear teeth perfectly, and tightened the bolt just as the clock struck five o'clock—signaling the start of the festival parade.
Select TWO details that show how Mr. Sterling's behavior impacts Toby and drives the plot forward:
A) Mr. Sterling nursing his sprained wrist forces Toby to perform the repair himself instead of relying on his mentor.
B) Mr. Sterling shouts at Toby for making a mistake on the mark he drew yesterday.
C) Mr. Sterling stays calm and reminds Toby of his own knowledge, giving Toby the confidence to complete the task.
D) Mr. Sterling climbs up the plank to hold the heavy iron gear in place for Toby.
E) Mr. Sterling leaves the tower to get help from the festival crowd below.
A) Mr. Sterling nursing his sprained wrist forces Toby to perform the repair himself instead of relying on his mentor.
C) Mr. Sterling stays calm and reminds Toby of his own knowledge, giving Toby the confidence to complete the task.
300
Energy Flow in Ecosystems
How Energy Moves Through Food Webs
(1) Every living organism requires energy to survive. Autotrophs, such as green plants and algae, produce their own food using sunlight through photosynthesis.
(2) Unlike plants, animals are heterotrophs—meaning they cannot make their own food and must consume other plants or animals to obtain nutrients. Organisms like mushrooms and worms act as decomposers, breaking down dead plant and animal matter to return vital nutrients to the soil.
Select TWO details—one from the text and one from the diagram—that help a reader determine the function of decomposers:
A) Paragraph 2 states that decomposers break down dead plant and animal matter.
B) The section heading indicates that energy moves downward in the pyramid.
C) The diagram shows decomposers (mushrooms and worms) positioned alongside the pyramid receiving arrows from organic waste.
D) Paragraph 1 states that autotrophs need sunlight for photosynthesis.
E) The diagram shows tertiary consumers at the very bottom level of the pyramid.
A) Paragraph 2 states that decomposers break down dead plant and animal matter.
C) The diagram shows decomposers (mushrooms and worms) positioned alongside the pyramid receiving arrows from organic was
300
Guardians of the Coral Reef
(1) Kai adjusted his diving mask and swam toward the shallow lagoon. His grandmother had warned him that the reef was in jeopardy due to rising ocean temperatures, but seeing the bleached, pale coral with his own eyes made his chest ache.
(2) Microscopic algae called zooxanthellae live inside coral tissues, providing food through photosynthesis while giving corals their vibrant colors. When waters overheat, corals expel these organisms—a process known as coral bleaching. Without their algal partners, corals starve.
(3) Knowing the local fishing boat engines were churning up hot surface water near the bay, Kai gathered his youth group to construct floating shade mats from woven palm leaves. Working through the scorching afternoon, they anchored the mats directly over the nursery section.
(4) By sunset, ocean sensors showed a slight drop in water temperature under the shaded zone. As Kai swam under the mats, he spotted tiny neon fish returning to the branches, proving that small community actions can help fragile ecosystems recover.
Select TWO details that show how the setting (the overheated lagoon) impacts the plot and character decisions:
A) The rising water temperature causes coral bleaching, creating the central conflict Kai must solve.
B) The deep ocean water makes it impossible for Kai and his youth group to anchor their mats.
C) The shaded lagoon environment under the mats allows the temperature to drop, resolving the immediate threat to the reef.
D) The palm leaf mats catch fire because the afternoon heat in the lagoon is too intense.
E) Kai decides to abandon the lagoon and swim toward deeper ocean reefs.
A) The rising water temperature causes coral bleaching, creating the central conflict Kai must solve.
C) The shaded lagoon environment under the mats allows the temperature to drop, resolving the immediate threat to the reef.
400
"The Midnight Discovery"
(1) Maya shifted her backpack and glanced at her watch. It was already 8:15 PM, and the shadows across the library floor were growing long.
(2) "We need to find the 1880 town ledger before Mr. Davis locks up," she whispered, her eyes scanning the dusty shelves in the basement archive.
(3) Marcus pulled a brass key from his pocket—the one his grandfather had given him before moving to the care home—and inserted it into the heavy iron cabinet in the corner.
(4) Inside lay three leather-bound books. Maya pulled out the oldest one and blew off a cloud of dust. As she turned to page 42, a faded yellow map tumbled onto the floor, showing an unmarked tunnel leading from the old town hall straight to the riverbank.
Select TWO answers: One option that correctly identifies a valid inference synthesized from multiple sections of the text, and ONE option that provides the best combination of details supporting that inference.
Part 1: Inference (Select ONE)
A) Maya and Marcus are conducting a secret investigation without permission from the librarian.
B) Maya and Marcus are researching a school history project assigned by Mr. Davis.
C) Maya and Marcus plan to use the map to explore the town's riverbank tonight.
Part 2: Supporting Evidence (Select ONE)
D) They are searching at night in a dark basement archive, whispering to avoid being caught by Mr. Davis, and using a private key to unlock a cabinet.
E) They check their watches to see that it is 8:15 PM and pull three leather-bound books from an iron cabinet.
F) The library floor has long shadows, and a map of an unmarked tunnel falls onto the floor.
Inference: A (Maya and Marcus are conducting a secret investigation without permission from the librarian.)
Evidence: D (They are searching at night in a dark basement archive, whispering to avoid being caught by Mr. Davis, and using a private key to unlock a cabinet.)
400
Select TWO answers: One option that correctly identifies the central theme of the story, and ONE option that provides the best textual evidence supporting that theme.
Part 1: Theme (Select ONE)
A) Always listen to your parents during an emergency.
B) Courage is taking action to help others despite being afraid.
C) Living in isolated places can lead to unexpected danger.
Part 2: Evidence (Select ONE)
D) Elena climbs the slippery, dark tower alone despite her fear because she knows ships depend on the light.
E) Elena’s father was injured by falling glass when the storm broke the lighthouse lamp.
F) The lighthouse tower is located far away on a remote rocky island.
Theme: B (Courage is taking action to help others despite being afraid.)
Evidence: D (Elena climbs the slippery, dark tower alone despite her fear because she knows ships depend on the light.)
400
"The Broken Clock Tower"
(1) Toby gripped his wrench tightly, his knees trembling on the narrow wooden plank near the top of the town clock tower. Below him, the annual Harvest Festival crowds cheered, unaware that the colossal iron gear controlling the clock was slipping from its axle.
(2) "I can't do this, Mr. Sterling," Toby shouted into the wind. "I'm just an apprentice! If I drop this bolt, the whole mechanism jams!"
(3) Mr. Sterling, nursing a sprained wrist on the floor below, called up calmly: "You know the gears better than anyone, Toby. Focus on the mark you made yesterday."
(4) Taking a deep breath, Toby ignored the dizzying height below. He leaned forward, aligned the gear teeth perfectly, and tightened the bolt just as the clock struck five o'clock—signaling the start of the festival parade.
elect TWO answers: One option that correctly interprets Toby’s character growth, and ONE option that provides the best evidence synthesizing character, setting, and event:
Part 1: Character Interpretation (Select ONE)
A) Toby changes from a hesitant apprentice paralyzed by the dangerous setting into a confident problem-solver who saves the event.
B) Toby realizes he is not suited for mechanical work and decides to quit his apprenticeship after the festival.
C) Toby learns that working in high places is too risky and that mentors should always do the hard work.
Part 2: Synthesized Evidence (Select ONE)
D) Though terrified on the high plank (setting) and doubting his skills (character), Toby listens to his mentor and successfully fixes the clock before 5 o'clock (event).
E) Toby drops his wrench from the plank (setting), forcing Mr. Sterling (character) to stop the parade (event).
F) The festival crowds below (setting) cheer for Mr. Sterling (character) as he fixes the iron gear (event).
Interpretation: A (Toby changes from a hesitant apprentice paralyzed by the dangerous setting into a confident problem-solver who saves the event.)
Synthesized Evidence: D (Though terrified on the high plank [setting] and doubting his skills [character], Toby listens to his mentor and successfully fixes the clock before 5 o'clock [event].)
400
Energy Flow in Ecosystems
How Energy Moves Through Food Webs
(1) Every living organism requires energy to survive. Autotrophs, such as green plants and algae, produce their own food using sunlight through photosynthesis.
(2) Unlike plants, animals are heterotrophs—meaning they cannot make their own food and must consume other plants or animals to obtain nutrients. Organisms like mushrooms and worms act as decomposers, breaking down dead plant and animal matter to return vital nutrients to the soil.
Select TWO answers: One option that correctly defines the academic word photosynthesis (implied in Paragraph 1), and ONE option that identifies the combination of text features and context clues used to determine its meaning.
Part 1: Meaning (Select ONE)
A) The process by which plants use sunlight to manufacture their own food.
B) The method animals use to break down secondary consumers.
C) The movement of water from the soil up through plant roots.
Part 2: Evidence & Features (Select ONE)
D) The subheading "How Energy Moves Through Food Webs" combined with Paragraph 1’s clue connecting "produce their own food" with "sunlight."
E) The bold font of the word heterotrophs in Paragraph 2.
F) The list of decomposers provided in the caption of the diagram.
Meaning: A (The process by which plants use sunlight to manufacture their own food.)
Evidence & Features: D (The subheading "How Energy Moves Through Food Webs" combined with Paragraph 1’s clue connecting "produce their own food" with "sunlight.")
400
Guardians of the Coral Reef
(1) Kai adjusted his diving mask and swam toward the shallow lagoon. His grandmother had warned him that the reef was in jeopardy due to rising ocean temperatures, but seeing the bleached, pale coral with his own eyes made his chest ache.
(2) Microscopic algae called zooxanthellae live inside coral tissues, providing food through photosynthesis while giving corals their vibrant colors. When waters overheat, corals expel these organisms—a process known as coral bleaching. Without their algal partners, corals starve.
(3) Knowing the local fishing boat engines were churning up hot surface water near the bay, Kai gathered his youth group to construct floating shade mats from woven palm leaves. Working through the scorching afternoon, they anchored the mats directly over the nursery section.
(4) By sunset, ocean sensors showed a slight drop in water temperature under the shaded zone. As Kai swam under the mats, he spotted tiny neon fish returning to the branches, proving that small community actions can help fragile ecosystems recover.
Select TWO answers: One option that correctly identifies the central theme of the story, and ONE option that provides the best concise summary synthesizing the main events.
Part 1: Theme (Select ONE)
A) Taking responsibility and taking action—no matter how small—can protect vulnerable communities and ecosystems.
B) Ocean temperature shifts are natural phenomena that humans cannot influence or repair.
C) Young people should always follow traditional advice without testing new solutions.
Part 2: Summary (Select ONE)
D) Kai notices that coral reefs in his bay are dying due to boat engines and ocean heat. He decides to become a professional diver when he grows up.
E) After witnessing coral bleaching in his local lagoon, Kai organizes his youth group to construct floating palm leaf shades, successfully lowering water temperatures and bringing marine life back to the nursery.
F) Microscopic algae called zooxanthellae leave corals when water temperatures rise. Kai reads about this in a science book and explains the process to his grandmother.
Theme: A (Taking responsibility and taking action—no matter how small—can protect vulnerable communities and ecosystems.)
Summary: E (After witnessing coral bleaching in his local lagoon, Kai organizes his youth group to construct floating palm leaf shades, successfully lowering water temperatures and bringing marine life back to the nursery.)