States of matter
Which statement BEST describes what happens as ice changes from one state to another?
A. As ice is heated, it melts and changes from a solid to a liquid.
B. As ice is cooled, it condenses and changes from a gas to a liquid.
C. As ice is cooled, it evaporates and changes from a liquid to a gas.
D. As ice is heated, it freezes and changes from a liquid to a solid.
B. As ice is cooled, it condenses and changes from a gas to a liquid.
Students observe the force of a magnet attracting screws.
What type of force is this demonstrating?
F. Pull
G. Motion
H. Push
J. Gravity
F. Pull
Make a plan. How can you test the effects of gravity on different objects?
A. Roll two balls that are different sizes across the floor.
B. Push a toy car with different amounts of force.
C. Kick a soccer ball using different shoes.
D. Drop a feather and a rock from the same height.
D. Drop a feather and a rock from the same height.
Students want to test if the amount of friction changes when an object slides across sandpaper compared to smooth tile.
Part A
How can they test this?
A. Slide different objects on sandpaper.
B. Slide the same object on both sandpaper and smooth tile.
C. Slide different objects on smooth tile.
D. Slide one object on sandpaper and a different object on smooth tile.
B. Slide the same object on both sandpaper and smooth tile.
Which of these describes how density affects whether a substance sinks or floats?
A. A high-density substance sinks in water because it has more matter in the same space, while a low-density substance floats.
B. A high-density substance floats because it has less mass, and a low-density substance sinks because it has more mass.
C. A high-density substance and a low-density substance both sink in water.
D. A high-density substance floats in water, while a low-density substance sinks.
A. A high-density substance sinks in water because it has more matter in the same space, while a low-density substance floats.
2. Which statement BEST describes what happens when steam cools down?
A. Steam cools and evaporates, changing from a liquid to a gas.
B. Steam cools and melts, changing from a solid to a liquid.
C. Steam cools and condenses, changing from a gas to a liquid.
D. Steam cools and freezes, changing from a liquid to a solid.
C. Steam cools and condenses, changing from a gas to a liquid.
Students observe the force of a magnet repelling magnets.
What type of force is this demonstrating?
F. Pull
G. Motion
H. Push
J. Gravity
H. Push
Make a plan. How can you test how gravity pulls objects toward Earth?
A. Drop a pencil and an eraser from the same height.
B. Throw a ball higher each time.
C. Roll a toy car down a ramp.
D. Push two boxes across the floor.
A. Drop a pencil and an eraser from the same height.
Part B
Which measurement will allow students to decide how surface texture affects friction?
A. The weight of the object.
B. The length of the ruler.
C. The color of the object.
D. How far the object slides.
D. How far the object slides.
2. Which of these sentences correctly compares high-density and low-density substances?
A. A high-density substance floats because it has less mass, and a low-density substance sinks because it has more mass.
B. A high-density substance floats in water, while a low-density substance sinks in water.
C. A high-density substance sinks because its particles are more tightly packed, while a low-density substance floats.
D. A high-density substance and a low-density substance both float in water.
C. A high-density substance sinks because its particles are more tightly packed, while a low-density substance floats.
Which statement BEST describes what happens when ice is left in the sun?
A. Ice heats and melts, changing from a solid to a liquid.
B. Ice cools and condenses, changing from a gas to a liquid.
C. Ice heats and evaporates, changing from a liquid to a solid.
D. Ice cools and freezes, changing from a liquid to a solid.
A. Ice heats and melts, changing from a solid to a liquid.
Which are the best ways to test how magnets pull on objects at a distance?
Choose two answers.
F. Move a magnet closer and farther from a piece of plastic to see when it moves.
G. Place a magnet near wooden objects and observe if they move.
H. Move a magnet closer and farther from a paperclip to see when it moves.
J. Place a magnet near different metal objects and observe if they move.
H. Move a magnet closer and farther from a paperclip to see when it moves.
J. Place a magnet near different metal objects and observe if they move.
Make a plan. How can you test the effect of gravity on objects with different masses?
A. Slide two books across a table.
B. Kick a ball while standing on grass and then on pavement.
C. Drop a baseball and a tennis ball from the same height.
D. Throw a ball using different amounts of force.
C. Drop a baseball and a tennis ball from the same height.
Students want to test if friction changes when an object slides across a wet surface versus a dry surface.
How can they test this?
A. Slide one object on the wet surface and a different object on the dry surface.
B. Slide different objects on the wet surface.
C. Slide different objects on the dry surface.
D. Slide the same object on both wet and dry surfaces.
D. Slide the same object on both wet and dry surfaces.
A. A high-density substance floats in water, while a low-density substance sinks.
B. A high-density substance floats because it has less mass, and a low-density substance sinks because it has more mass.
C. A high-density substance and a low-density substance both sink in water.
D. A high-density substance sinks in water because it has more matter in the same space, while a low-density substance floats.
D. A high-density substance sinks in water because it has more matter in the same space, while a low-density substance floats.
Making trail mix involves combining nuts, raisins, and chocolate pieces.
Which of these sentences explains what happens when you mix nuts, raisins, and chocolate to make trail mix?
A. The mass of the trail mix depends on the mass of the bag it is in.
B. The mass of the trail mix is greater than the mass of the nuts, raisins, and chocolate.
C. The mass of the trail mix is the same as the mass of the nuts, raisins, and chocolate.
D. The mass of the trail mix is less than the mass of the nuts, raisins, and chocolate.
C. The mass of the trail mix is the same as the mass of the nuts, raisins, and chocolate.
Which methods show how a magnet can attract objects without touching them?
Choose two answers.
F. Bring a magnet close to a metal spoon and observe movement.
G. Bring a magnet close to a wooden block and observe movement.
H. Slowly move a magnet toward a paperclip and watch when it jumps.
J. Slowly move a magnet toward a plastic bottle cap and watch for movement.
F. Bring a magnet close to a metal spoon and observe movement.
H. Slowly move a magnet toward a paperclip and watch when it jumps.
Students build a bridge using popsicle sticks. They place a small toy car on the bridge. To test how strong the bridge is, should they place a lighter or heavier toy car on the bridge? How will changing the mass of the car affect the force on the bridge?
Complete this sentence to answer the question:
Place lighter/heavier toy cars on the bridge to increase gravitational force/frictional area until the bridge breaks.
Place heavier toy cars on the bridge to increase gravitational force until the bridge breaks.
Part B
Which measurement will allow students to explore how carpet affects friction?
A. How far the object slides.
B. The thickness of the carpet.
C. The color of the carpet.
D. The mass of the table.
A. How far the object slides.
Sofia is trying to determine the physical properties of these three samples:
plastic, iron, and glass.
She observes that by size, the plastic is the largest. She predicts the plastic will have the greatest mass. Why might her prediction be wrong? Explain how Sofia should investigate her prediction.
Sofia's prediction is wrong because size doesn't decide if an object has the greatest mass, density does.
She can test her prediction by placing the objects in water to see if they sink or float. The ones with high density will sink. and the ones with low density will float.
Making a smoothie involves blending bananas, strawberries, and yogurt.
Which of these sentences explains what happens when you mix bananas, strawberries, and yogurt to make a smoothie?
A. The mass of the smoothie depends on the mass of the blender.
B. The mass of the smoothie is greater than the mass of the bananas, strawberries, and yogurt.
C. The mass of the smoothie is less than the mass of the bananas, strawberries, and yogurt.
D. The mass of the smoothie is the same as the mass of the bananas, strawberries, and yogurt.
D. The mass of the smoothie is the same as the mass of the bananas, strawberries, and yogurt.
How can you investigate which objects a magnet will pull at a distance?
Choose two answers.
F. Place a magnet near a piece of cardboard and record if it moves.
G. Place a magnet near a metal washer and record if it moves.
H. Slide a magnet toward a small steel bolt to see when it moves.
J. Slide a magnet toward a rubber band to see if it moves.
G. Place a magnet near a metal washer and record if it moves.
H. Slide a magnet toward a small steel bolt to see when it moves.
Students construct a tower using blocks. They place a book on top. To test the tower’s stability, should they use a lighter or heavier book? How will changing the weight of the book affect the force on the tower?
Complete this sentence:
Place smaller/larger books on the tower to increase gravitational force/frictional area until the tower falls.
Place larger books on the tower to increase gravitational force until the tower falls.
Students want to test if friction changes when an object slides on a metal surface compared to a plastic surface.
How can they test this?
A. Slide the same object on both metal and plastic surfaces.
B. Slide different objects on the metal surface.
C. Slide different objects on the plastic surface.
D. Slide one object on metal and a different object on plastic.
A. Slide the same object on both metal and plastic surfaces.
Ava is trying to determine the physical properties of these three samples:
styrofoam, silver, and clay.
She observes that by size, the styrofoam is the largest. She predicts the styrofoam will have the greatest mass. Why might her prediction be wrong? Explain how Ava should investigate her prediction.
Ava's prediction is wrong because size doesn't determine mass, density does.
She can test her prediction by placing the objects into water and seeing which ones sink or float. The ones with high density will sink. and the ones with low density will float.