Vocabulary
What is the middle layer of soil called?
Subsoil
Every rock is made up of at least __ minerals.
Two
Rocks are made up of many different types of ______ .
Minerals
What is the top layer of soil called?
Topsoil
Name 2 examples of sedimentary rocks.
Shale and sandstone.
What is the process called that makes, changes and recycles rocks?
The rock cycle
What are the three types of rocks called?
Metamorphic, Sedimentary, and Igneous.
What is a mineral?
A mineral is a solid found in nature that is not a plant or animal.
What type of soil is thick and traps water?
Clay
In what type of rock would you most likely find a fossil? -igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary?
Sedimentary
What is the process of weathered rocks moving around called?
Erosion
What type of rock forms from other types of rocks created by heat and pressure?
Metamorphic
What are 2 examples of minerals?
Gold, Diamond, Feldspar, Gypsum, Quartz, Pyrite are some examples.
What is the deepest layer of soil made of and what is it called?
The deepest layer of soil is made of solid rock and is called bedrock.
What is weathering?
Weathering cracks and breaks down rocks into smaller pieces due to weather.
The process of breaking down plants and animals after they die is called...
Decay
What type of rock forms from cooled magma or lava?
Igneous
What happens when you rub a mineral against a surface?
It leaves a streak.
How do earthworms help improve soil?
They dig in it and mix it up.
What are some everyday uses of minerals?
Lamps, drinking glasses, electrical wires, and toothpaste all have/use minerals.
What are scientists who study rocks and minerals called?
Geologists
What are examples of metamorphic rocks?
Marble and Gneiss
What do scientists examine to tell minerals in rocks apart?
Scientists look at properties such as hardness, colour, lustre, streak, texture, etc...
What is humus?
Humus is a material that was once living or formed by a living thing.
Name two causes of weathering.
Strong winds, rushing water, changes in temperature, and growing plant roots are all of the causes of weathering.