A
B
C
D
E
100
a stationary location in Earth's mantel where magma melts through a tectonic plate
What is a hot spot?
100
a deep crack in the Earth's crust
What is a fault?
100
a steep-sided mountain that forms from explosive eruptions of thick lava
What is a cinder-cone volcano?
100
the layers of gases that surround Earth
What is the atmosphere?
100
Earth's water, whether found on continents or in oceans, including water in ice, lakes, rivers, and underground
What is the hydrosphere?
200
a scientist who uses rocks to learn about the history and structure of the Earth
What is a geologist?
200
a formation of islands aligned above a volcanic hot spot
What is an island chain?
200
a mountain formed from alternating eruptions of lava and ash
What is a composite volcano?
200
a solid layer of iron and nickle inside Earth
What is the inner core?
200
The rocky surface that makes up the top of the lithosphere and includes the continents and the ocean floor
What is the crust?
300
a sudden shaking of Earth's crust
What is an earthquake?
300
the point where an earthquake starts
What is the focus?
300
the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake
What is the epicenter?
300
the amount of energy released by an earthquake
What is magnitude?
400
a huge wave caused by an earthquake under the ocean
What is a tsunami?
400
the process of carrying away soil or pieces or rock
What is erosion?
400
the process of dropping off pieces of eroded rock
What is deposition?
400
particles of rock or soil that may be eroded and deposited
What is sediment?
400
land near a river that is likely to be under water during a flood
What is a floodplain?
500
a nearly melted layer of hot rock below the Earth's crust
What is the mantle?
500
a scientific theory that Earth's crust is made of moving plates
What is the theory of plate tectonics?
500
hot, melted rock below Earth's surface
What is magma?
500
hot, melted rock that reaches Earth's surface
What is lava?
500
a physical feature on Earth's surface
What is a landform?
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