Religion
In ancient times, religion served as ____________________?
A sense of security in the meaning of life
Explain the significance and role of the Nile River in Ancient Egypt
Water source, transportation, natural protective barrier, fertile rich soil, flooding annually
What is a theocracy?
Where the ruler is both head of government and religion/leader is religious figure
Name the 3 early human adaptations for survival
Hunting and gathering, tools/weapons, fire
How were the Hyksos able to successfully invade Egypt?
Egypt in religious revolution, vulnerable
New use of chariots
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
It meant that the king had access to the gods and the people had access through him
Which 3 bodies of water did Ancient Greece touch?
Mediterranean, Aegean, Ionian
Historians divide Ancient Egypt times into 3 periods, what are they?
The Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms
What are the 6 characteristics of a civilization?
Cities, government, art, government, social structure, writing
What was the cause of the Peloponnesian War and who fought in it?
Athens vs Sparta
Competition for power, greed, military vs democracy
Sparta burns Athenian crops
How does reincarnation differ between Hinduism and Buddhism?
Hinduism states you are constantly reborn into a new form
Buddhism argues to reject afterlife and work toward nirvana
Describe the Fertile Crescent's location and significance to the growth of early civilizations
Mesopotamia
Fertile land
Helped farming
What is an aristocracy?
A government in which rulers are wealthy landowners, with wealth passed by generation
What is the caste system in Ancient India?
Birth was the key marker of a person's identity and place in society
Describe the major turning point of the Neolithic Revolution
The transition from hunting and gathering to keeping and growing
What is Zoroastrianism?
The belief (by the Persians) that humans had free will, with a struggle between good and evil
Harappa and Mohenjo Daro are major historical sites from which civilization?
Indus River Valley Civilization
Describe the difference between the government structures of Athens and Sparta
Direct democracy vs patriachal
Epic poet Homer had a lot to offer to Greeks. What kinds of ideals did he teach in his 2 famous poems. What are the names of the poems
Courage, heroism, honor
Odyssey, Illiad
List the 3 causes for the Greco-Persian War
Greece expanding territory
Greeks help Ionian revolt against Persians
Greek territory too close to Persian territory
Name 3 ways in which religion played a role in ancient societies. In other words, what purpose did it serve in different scenarios?
Meaning of life
Afterlife
Natural disasters
Proving guilt or innocence
Name 2 civilizations we have learned about per continent:
The Americas
Europe
Asia
Africa
The Americas: Olmec, Aztec, Maya, Inuit, Inca
Europe: Greece, Rome,
Asia: Mesopotamia, Persia, Assyrians, India, China
Africa: Egypt, Kushites, Hyksos
What are the 3 Chinese Schools of Thought and what do they believe?
Legalism: Need ruler to ensure order
Daoism: Don't mess with universal order
Confucianism: Political/ethical, people good
Describe the social structure of China including: filial piety, patriarchy, role of religion
Subordinate needs to male head of household
Male dominant
Mandate of Heaven
Dynastic Cycle
Describe the rise of Buddhism and Siddharta Guatama
Grew up isolated, exposed to evils of world, wants to end suffering, must end greed to end suffering, enlightenment, 4 noble truths, nirvana, karma