ANS Anatomy
Where are preganglionic SNS cell bodies found?
Spinal cord
This ANS system allows for an increase in saliva production in the parotid glands
Parasympathetic
What is the common catch phrase for the two ANS responses?
"Fight or flight" and "Rest and digest"
CN X makes up what percentage of the PNS?
75%
This ANS pathology is highly prevalent in SCI
Autonomic Dysreflexia
Where is the sympathetic chain/trunk located?
Adjacent to the spine
Which ANS system functions at our baseline?
PNS
Increased HR
Coughing and swallowing are examples of this Vagal nerve function
Protective reflexes
What is the biggest clinical indicator of autonomic dysreflexia?
Increase in baseline BP by at least 20mmHg
Where do SNS fibers exit from?
Fibers exit the spinal cord at T1-L2 levels
This ANS system has a longer preganglionic neuron in comparison to the postganglionic neuron
PNS
This component of the ANS typically acts on the other via a stimulus?
SNS
The Vagus nerve has sensory neurons in this location to regulate blood pressure?
Aortic arch
Restrictive clothing should be __ during autonomic dysreflexive response?
Loosened
What neurotransmitter is made by both SNS and PNS preganglionic neurons?
Acetylcholine
Where do PNS fibers exit from?
Fibers exit the CNS via cranial nerves III, XII, IX, X as well as S2-S4 nerve roots
Perspiration is a sign of a well functioning __?
SNS
This fluttering sensation in your gut may be mediated by vagal nerve processes
"Butterflies"
How long do Cluster headaches typically last?
15-180 minutes
What neurotransmitter is created by adrenergic neurons?
Epinephrine/Norepinephrine
During a SNS response the adrenal glands have this physiological response
Hyper-cortisol response
B2 receptors found in the bronchioles assist in which physiologic response?
Bronchodilation
These vagal sensory neurons create the sensation of "fullness" after eating a meal
Mechanoreceptors (mechanosensory)
This HR response is seen with POTS when an individual stands from a supine position
Significant increase