Under Pressure
Stage 1 hypertension is defined as blood pressure greater than:
130-139/80-89
What are two diets that patients can be recommended to follow to help with hypertension?
What are common meds that can increase blood pressure?
antidepressants, antipsychotics, steroids, decongestants, NSAIDS, oral contraceptives
Central obesity, facial rounding, easy bruisability should make you concerned for:
Cushings
Elevated blood pressure is defined as blood pressure:
120-129/<80
In general, for every 1kg of weight loss in the overweight or obese patient, blood pressure will decrease by
1mm Hg
Patients with 10-year ASCVD risk of <10% and stage 1 hypertension should be treated first with:
lifestyle modification
What is the screening test for Cushing
Overnight 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test
When using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring what is the average blood pressure reading that defines hypertension
>125/75
According to ACC/AHA guidelines on the diagnosis and management of hypertension what is the goal daily sodium intake for an individual diagnosed with hypertension
1500 mg
When initiating pharmacotherapy in a patient diagnosed with hypertension, at what level of blood pressure should initial therapy with two agents be considered?
140/90
Resistant hypertension is defined as
Office blood pressure readings are lower than home blood pressure readings is called
masked hypertension
By eliminating a diet high in processed foodsand switching to a diet of fresh fruits, fresh vegetables, low fat dairy products, whole grains and poultry/fish (i.e., the DASH diet) patients with hypertension can expect to see systolic blood pressure drop by how many points
11.4 points
in patients with CKD and albuminuria/proteinuria what are the initial medication classes to treat with
ACE inhibitors or ARBs
Patients presenting with labile/ episodic blood pressure with pallor and dizziness should be evaluated for what condition:
Pheochomocytoma
2021 KDOQI guidelines on blood pressure management in patients with CKD not requiring dialysis recommend treatment to systolic blood pressure
<120mm Hg
Diets high in what mineral will reduce blood pressure 4-5mm Hg in patients with hypertension.
potassium
First line agents for the treatment of the typical patient with hypertension are:
in primary hyperaldosteronism, renin activity levels are low/high, aldosterone is low/high, and the ratio of aldosterone to renin activity is elevated/decreased
in primary hyperaldosteronism, renin activity levels are low (i.e., <1ng/dl), aldosterone is high (i.e., >10ng/dl), and the ratio of aldosterone to renin activity is elevated (typically >20 and often >30).