Fractures
Ligament Strains
Other
100
What are 3 symptoms of an ankle fracture?
Pain
Swelling
Buising
tenderness
100
What should you do when you have a sprained ankle? (hint: think of an acronym)
RICE (Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate)
100
What nerve is compressed in tarsal tunnel syndrome?
tibial nerve
200
What's the most common fracture of the foot? AND what's the most common fracture of the ankle (for bonus points)
foot: 5th metatarsal
ankle: lateral malleolus
200
What ligament complexes stabilise the ankle?
Deltoid
Lateral ligament complex (ATFL, CFL, PTFL)
Syndesmosis (AITFL, PITFL, Interosseous L, Inferior transverse, interosseous membrane)
200
What is the anatomical reason for pes planus (flat feet)?
Loss of medial longitudinal arch, either through misalignment of the bones or laxity/rupture of the spring ligament, which is key in supporting the medial longitudinal arch
300
Which fracture is most likely to result in avascular necrosis?
a) medial malleolus
b) lateral malleolus
c) talar neck
d) calcaneous
TALAR NECK!!
Talar neck is notorious for avascular necrosis because the talar body has retrograde blood supply, which is disrupted by neck fractures.
medial malleolus is supplied by posterior tibial artery
lateral malleolus is supplied by branches of the fibular artery
Calcaneus is supplied by multiple arteries (posterior tibial, peroneal, dorsalis pedis)
300
What ligament is most likely to be torn playing netball?
Anterior talofibular (it rolls outwards, the ATFL is on the lateral side)
300
What is hallux valgus AND at what joint does it occur?
Hallux valgus, commonly known as a bunion, is a progressive deformity where the big toe tilts inward towards the smaller toes, causing a bony bump on the inside of the foot at the base of the big toe.
joint: The first metatarsophalangeal joint
400
Which (2) bones take the longest to heal in the foot? And Why?
Talus (covered by hyaline cartilage, less vascular supply & retrograde blood flow)
Navicular