Definitions
this type of heat transfer happens through electromagnetic waves and can go through space
Radiation
This type of nuclear reaction takes place in the sun and other stars
Fusion
True or false: When different objects transfer heat between them, they will continue until they both stay at the same temperature.
TRUE!
This is called Thermal Equilibrium
This type of kinetic energy is within things whose particles are moving by vibrating back and forth
Thermal energy
The order of energy types in this scenario:
A battery powered radio is playing music
Chemical - Electrical - Sound
This type of kinetic energy occurs when electrons move
Electrical
These 2 waste products are cons of fission nuclear energy production
Radioactive solid waste
&
Thermal pollution
Name 2 things that happen when the thermal energy of an object increases
-the particles move faster
-the particles spread out
-density decreases
-temperature goes up
This type of potential energy allows objects to 'bounce back' after being stretched/pulled/pushed
Elastic energy
The order of energy types in this scenario:
An archer draws a bow, releases the arrow, and it hits with a 'thud.'
This type of energy is the sum of Kinetic & Potential energy of an object
Mechanical
Which nuclear process is more efficient per 1 kg of fuel?
Fusion more efficient than fission
This type of heat process is used when an oven blows hot air around your food to circulate the heat
Convection
The maximum potential energy someone on a playground swing experiences is where?
at the top of the swing arc!
Height & gravity & mass are the things that matter for gravitational potential energy.
Mass and gravity are unchanged here = only height is changing
The order of energy types in this scenario: Sunlight hits a leaf, conducts photosynthesis, a person eats the leaf in a salad, powers their brain
Radiant - Chemical - Electrical
This Scientific Law explains how energy is not lost when changing one form to another
Law of Conservation of Energy
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using nuclear fuel?
-fewer fossil fuels get used
-too much electricity is made
-the nuclear waste is expensive to store
-the nuclear waste is expensive to store
The thermal energy of a bathtub full of water, and a small cup of water is _______ at the same temperature.
a. the same
b. greater for the bathtub of water
c. greater for the cup of water
greater for the bathtub of water!
The same temperature, but more particles means more energy for the larger amount of particles
Where on a hill would the kinetic energy be at the maximum?
at the bottom! this is where the potential energy would be the smallest, so it would have all turned into Kinetic energy
In nuclear reactors, a giant container of water waits to boil in order for its steam to turn a giant turbine. When the plant is on, name the order of energy transformations, ending up with electricity.
Nuclear-Thermal-Mechanical-Electrical
Daily Double:
Mr. Sikes used a Hot-wheels ramp while playing with his toy cars. The ramp stayed at the same height, but different cars traveled further than the rest. What factor likely made cars travel different distances?
Different MASSES
-different masses lead to cars with different amounts of kinetic energy down the ramp even though they started at the same height.
When a radioactive isotope of Uranium (atomic number 92) receives a neutron, it is possible for it to become 2 smaller elements during nuclear fission. What is true about those two elements?
a. they must add up to the same number of neutrons
b. they must add up to the same number of electrons
c. they must add up to the same number of protons
c. they must add up to the same number of protons
When a cold blooded lizard basks in the sun to warm up, it receives thermal energy via ________
Radiation
A pendulum (Like Newton's Cradle) goes through a repeating pattern. At the top of each swing, and bottom of each swing, describe the kinetic and potential energy levels of the swinging sphere.
Maximum potential at the highest point
Minimum kinetic at the highest point
Maximum Kinetic at the lowest point
Minimum potential at the lowest point
No machine or tool is perfect at transforming energy from one type to another. Some energy is always wasted, despite our best efforts. Usually, the wasted energy transforms into what type of energy?
Heat / Thermal Energy
-friction
-sound waves = eventually turn into heat
-electrical byproduct = wires can warm up