Trade
policy in which a nation sought to export more than it imported in order to build wealth (value)
Mercantilism
the belief of complete and unrestricted power in government
Absolutism
someone sent to do religious works in a territory or foreign country
Missionary
a war fought between groups of people in the same nation
Civil War
the legislature of England, and later of Great Britain
Parliament
economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit
Capitalism
form of government in which a ruler has complete authority over the government and lives of the people they govern
Absolute Monarchy
soldier serving in a foreign country’s war for pay
Mercenaries
series of acts passed in 1689 by the English parliament that limited the rights of the monarchy and ensured the superiority of parliament
English Bill of Rights
the chief executive of parliamentary government
Prime Minister
period of European expansion, colonialism, and mercantilism from the 1500s to the 1700s. Included the growth of capitalism, banking, and investing
Commercial Revolution
government in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch’s powers
Limited Monarchy
English Protestants who rejected the Church of England (King or Papal Rule) that settled in the New World
Pilgrim
(1618–48) a series of European wars fought by various nations for various reasons, including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercial rivalries
The Thirty Years’ War
(1750) Austria, Prussia, France, Britain, and Russia
Five Great European Powers
Colonial trade routes among Europe and its colonies, the West Indies, and Africa in which goods were exchanged for enslaved people
Triangular Trade
government whose power is defined and limited by law
Constitutional Government
French Protestants of the 1500s and 1600s
Huguenots
(1688 -1689) Catholic King (James II) of England is overthrown (William of Orange), majority of government power shifts from the Monarchy to Parliament
Glorious Revolution
(1672 – 1725) tsar of Russia, reigned jointly with his half-brother Ivan V and then alone. He was proclaimed emperor in 1721. He was one of Russia’s greatest statesmen, organizers, and reformers.
Peter the Great
the global exchange of goods, ideas, plants, animals, and diseases that began with the journey of Columbus to America
Columbian Exchange
government in which ruling power belongs to a few people
Oligarchy
official appointed by French King Louis XVI to govern the provinces, collect taxes, and recruit soldiers
Intendents
law issued by French King Henry IV in 1598 giving more religious freedom to French Protestants
Edict of Nantes
(1585 – 1642) considered one of the greatest politicians in history, he played an important role in France’s history while serving as chief minister to Louis XIII
Cardinal Richelieu