Labs and Levels
Normal Adult ICP
Adult: 5-15 mmHg
What is a status epilepticus?
A seizure that lasts more than 30 mins or a series of seizures
What is one body function the brainstem regulates?
What is the largest part of the brain?
Cerebrum
Has 2 hemispheres and is about 85% of the brains weight.
What rate is CSF produced at?
20 ml/hr
Normal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP)
60-100 mmHg
What is Epilepsy?
Neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of seizures.
What part of the brain processes vision and involves the visual cortex?
Occipital Lobe
Region of the cerebral cortex that has specialized areas for movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement.
Frontal lobe
What is a concussion?
A mild TBI caused by shaking of the brain.
-Rapid onset
-Alterations in mental status
-Microscopic changes
What type of TBI does a GCS of 9-12 indicate?
Moderate TBI
Mild TBI: GCS of 13-15
Severe TBI: GCS of 3-8
What is a tonic-clonic seizure?
Generalized seizure in which the patient loses consciousness and has jerking movements of paired muscle groups?
What part of the brain is involved in hearing, storage of memory, interpretation of auditory stimuli and interprets smell
Temporal Lobe
Part of frontal lobe responsible for thinking, planning, and language judgement.
Parietal lobe
What are canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid called?
Ventricles
Normal Infant and Normal Child ICP
Infant: 1.5-6 mmHg
Children: 3-7 mmHg
Name 2 of the 5 seizure disorders
Simple partial seizure
Complex partial seizure
Absence seizure
Tonic-clonic or grand mal seizure
Status epilepticus
What is the autonomic control center of the brain?
Hypothalamus
Part of the frontal lobe responsible for language expression and speech production.
Broca's area
A delayed condition characterized by persistent headaches, blurred vision, irritability, and an inability to concentrate.
Occurs 7-10 days after concussion and typically resolves within weeks.
What is the Formula for CPP?
Map pressure - ICP = CPP
What do Antiepileptic drugs do?
Raise seizure threshold and limit spread of abnormal activity.
Do not cure disorder.
Name 4 out of 12 of the cranial nerves
Olfactory - I
Optic nerve - II
Oculomotor - III
Trochlear - IV
Trigeminal - V
Abudcens - VI
Facial - VII
Auditory - VIII
Glossopharyngeal -IX
Vagus nerve - X
Accessory nerve - XI
Hypoglossal nerve - XII
Part of temporal love responsible for language comprehension.
Wernicke's area
What is the Monroe-Kellie Doctrine?
When one content in the skull increases, another must decrease to compensate and maintain normal ICP