Thermal Energy Transfers
Energy Transformations
Ecosystems
Vocabulary (+ Surprise Challenge)
Ecosystems 2
100
The materials needed by plants to grow coming from carbon dioxide and water
Photosynthesis
100
This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
The Law of Conservation of Energy
100
What are two examples of a correctly ordered food chain?
a) Playboi carti skin-Fortnight skin - Juiceworld skin
b) grass -> Sun -> lion -> zebra -> beetle
c) Sun -> grass -> zebra -> hog -> hyena -> lion
d) tree -> beetle -> zebra -> hog -> hyena -> lion -> tiger
e) tree -> beetle -> zebra -> hog -> hyena -> lion
c) Sun -> grass -> zebra -> hog -> hyena -> lion
and
e) tree -> beetle -> zebra -> hog -> hyena -> lion
100
What is the highest rank on the energy pyramid?
Tertiary consumers, Apex Predator, or Quaternary consumers
100
What are TWO things that can destroy an ecosystem?
A) A short drought
B) A new Apex predator moving in
C) A new invasive plant species
D) A rainstorm
B) A new Apex predator moving in
C) A new invasive plant species
200
This thermal energy transfer does not require a medium to travel through.
What is radiation?
200
The result of molecules bumping into each other vibrating through waves that move through mediums like air, wood, and water
What is sound waves or sound energy
200
A little bug sticks onto a spider and lays its eggs onto it, sucking nutrients from the spider's body. When the eggs hatch, they continue to consume nutrients from the spider's body. What is the relationship?
Parasitism or Parasitic
200
A small habitat that is of a limited extent and which differs in character from surrounding, more expansive habitats.
What is a microhabitat?
200
What is one example of a competitive relationship?
a) Two bison fighting over a new shrub
b) Two hornets helping each other raise their young
c) An anemone providing a safe habitat for clownfish inside its stinging tentacles
d) A mother bird trying to fight off a snake eating her eggs.
a) Two bison fighting over a new shrub
300
In a cup of hot chocolate, what form of heat transfer is happening?
a) Conduction
b) Convection
c) Radiation
d) all of the above
B) Convection (in the hot cocoa)
300
Mrs. Robinson was training for a bike race. One afternoon, she grabbed her helmet and took her bike out to the street. She got on the bike and started to pedal, pushing hard to start moving forward.
Which is better evidence that Mrs. Robinson's kinetic energy transformed?
a) When she got on her bike, her feet were no longer touching the ground.
b) When she started pedaling, she began moving along the street
c) When she braked, her bike skidded to a complete stop.
d) When she got to a steep hill, she had to stand to pedal harder.
When Mrs. Robinson started pedaling, she began moving along the street
300
What biome will most likely survive a species extinction? Explain why you chose your answer.
A rainforest because it has the most biodiversity and ecosystem resilience, because there are more species to fill the extinct specie's niche.
300
The material through with a wave travels
What is a medium?
300
What type of ecosystem benefit from controlled wildfire to help their nutrients cycle?
Grasslands
400
Describe each way that heat transfers. Your answer should have at least one sentence per type, with a total of three sentences.
Conduction is when heat transfers through a solid material by directly touching the object.
Convection is the transfer of heat through a liquid or gas, causing a convection current to occur.
Radiation is when heat transfers by electromagnetic waves, no matter is needed.
400
When you hold an ice cube in your hand, why does it melt? Explain the thermal energy transfer taking place.
Your hand is warmer than the ice cube. Thermal energy from your warmer hand is transferred to the colder ice cube by conduction, melting the solid ice to liquid water.
400
Biodiversity is impacted by events like:
a) droughts and floods
b) invasive species
c) games
d) disease
e) Greyson
f) pollution
a) floods
b) invasive species
d) disease
e) pollution
400
How is weather different from climate?
Climate is the average weather patterns of an area measured over an extended time period. Weather is the short-term atmospheric conditions at a specific location, such as temperature, humidity, and precipitation.
400
Which of the following are solutions to maintain biodiversity in an ecosystem? Select all that apply.
a) Establish protected areas
b) Deforestation and clear-cutting forests for timber
c) Introducing non-native species to the ecosystem
d) Reducing pollution in rivers and lakes
e) Exploiting endangered species for profit
a) Establish protected areas
d) Reducing pollution in rivers and lakes
500
Collin is heating up a dinner plate. He then takes it out. After touching the plate, his hands felt warm. He then ate her dinner and had enough energy to get through the day.
Write a statement explaining the entire process that the dinner (and plate) went through MINIMUM 2-3 sentences.
Answer must include: How the plate was heated up (radiation), why her hands were warm (conduction), and why he had energy (chemical energy)
500
A kid jumps on a trampoline. Explain AND use in the correct order the energy transformations happening in this scenario.
1. Chemical Energy → Mechanical Energy (Kinetic Energy)
- The kid’s muscles use chemical energy (from food) to push off the trampoline.
- The kid's legs bend using mechanical energy.
2. Kinetic Energy → Gravitational Potential Energy
- As the kid rises, they slow down.
- Their kinetic energy is converted into gravitational potential energy and GPE is at its highest at kid's highest point of the jump.
3. Gravitational Potential Energy → Kinetic Energy
- As the kid falls back down, gravity pulls them.
- Their potential energy changes back into kinetic energy as they speed up.
4. Kinetic Energy → Elastic Potential Energy
- When the kid lands, the trampoline surface stretches downward.
- The falling kinetic energy is transferred to the trampoline as elastic potential energy.
5. Elastic Potential Energy → Kinetic Energy
- The stretched trampoline recoils and pushes the kid back up.
- The elastic energy turns into kinetic energy again as the kid is launched upward.
500
Give three examples of invasive species harming their newly introduced ecosystem. Must include the species trophic level, and its effect on the ecosystem.
Example:
Kudzu (Primary producer):
- Ecosystem Effects:
Kudzu spreads rapidly and smothers native trees and plants, blocking sunlight and outcompeting them for resources. This displaces native habitat structures of native animals like tree dwelling birds, rodents, and bears, and reduces biodiversity.
500
When tectonic plates slide past each other, what is the result?
A. Convergent boundaries leading to subduction and mountain building
B. Divergent boundaries and new magma rises, leading to mid-ocean ridges and volcanos
C. Transform plate boundaries and strong earthquakes occur along faults
D. Divergent boundaries and new ocean floor is created
c) Transform plate boundaries and strong earthquakes occur along faults
500
An invasive species was brought into a forest ecosystem and has been taking all the resources! The graph shows the ecosystem before and after the invasive species arrived. 
The invasive species is a tree beetle. Explain the process of how the species lowers ecosystem health.
The tree beetle damages and decreases the tree population, which causes the herbivores that eat the tree species to decrease as their food source is depleted. It also causes a chain reaction because the secondary consumers who eat the herbivores to compete and decrease as their food source decreases.