A&P
What is the largest organ of the human body?
a. The liver
b. The skin
c. The brain
d. Large intestines
The Skin
A patient suddenly develops facial drooping, arm weakness, and difficulty speaking. What emergency condition should the nurse suspect?
Hypokalemia
Stroke
Sudden onset dizziness syndrome (SODE)
Orthostatic hypotension
Stroke
Which medication is commonly used as an antidote for opioid overdose?
Vitamin K
Naloxone (Narcan)
Ringer’s Lactate
Methadone
Naloxone
What is the normal resting respiratory rate for an adult?
A. 6–10 breaths/min
B. 12–20 breaths/min
C. 22–30 breaths/min
D. 30–40 breaths/min
B. 12–20 breaths/min
Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation?
a. The Right Ventricle
b. The Right Atria
c. The Left Ventricle
d. The Left Atria
The Left Ventricle
A patient with left-sided heart failure develops crackles and shortness of breath. What causes these symptoms?
A. Fluid accumulation in the lungs
B. Decreased blood flow to the kidneys
C. Fluid accumulation in the legs
D. Increased red blood cell production
A. Fluid accumulation in the lungs
What does the abbreviation PRN mean?
Once daily
Per required nightly
As needed
To be taken after meals
As needed
Which position is generally most appropriate for a patient experiencing acute respiratory distress?
High fowlers
Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination of voluntary movement?
a. the anterior pituitary
b. the frontal lobe
c. the cerebellum
d. the right hemisphere
cerebellum
A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) develops deep, rapid breathing known as Kussmaul respirations. What is the purpose of this breathing pattern?
A. Increase oxygen consumption
B. Retain carbon dioxide
C. Remove carbon dioxide to compensate for metabolic acidosis
D. Prevent fluid loss
C. Remove carbon dioxide to compensate for metabolic acidosis
A patient taking warfarin is most closely monitored using which laboratory test?
A. INR
B. aPTT
C. Troponin
D. D-dimer
INR
A patient with diabetes is conscious, able to swallow, and has a blood glucose of 3.2 mmol/L. What is the appropriate initial intervention?
A. Administer insulin
B. Give 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrates
C. Administer glucagon immediately
D. Encourage the patient to exercise
B. Give 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrates
What clotting factor is deficient in patients with hemophilia A?
Factor 8
A patient develops sudden hypotension, tachycardia, and decreased urine output following a severe myocardial infarction. Which type of shock should the nurse suspect?
A. Septic shock
B. Hypovolemic shock
C. Cardiogenic shock
D. Neurogenic shock
C. Cardiogenic shock
A patient receives morphine for pain and is also prescribed lorazepam (Ativan). What is the greatest risk when combining these medications?
A. Hypertension
B. Respiratory depression
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Increased urine output
B. Respiratory depression
Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with cardiac dysrhythmias and muscle weakness?
Hyperkalemia
Electrolyte responsible for the depolarization phase of ventricular cardiac action potential?
Calcium
A patient with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) develops both widespread microvascular clotting and uncontrolled bleeding. What causes this paradox?
A. Increased platelet production
B. Excessive destruction of red blood cells
C. Consumption of platelets and clotting factors during widespread coagulation
D. Increased vitamin K production
C. Consumption of platelets and clotting factors during widespread coagulation
During an IV vancomycin infusion, a patient develops flushing of the face and neck, itching, and hypotension. Which adverse reaction should the nurse suspect?
A. Serotonin syndrome
B. Red Man syndrome/Vancomycin Infusion Reaction
C. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
D. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
B. Red Man syndrome/ Vancomycin Infusion Reaction
A patient receiving mechanical ventilation suddenly develops hypotension, absent breath sounds on the right side, and jugular venous distension. What life-threatening complication should the nurse suspect?
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Cardiac tamponade
C. Tension pneumothorax
D. Pleural effusion
C. Tension pneumothorax