definitions
series of classifying organismsinto groups
taxonomy
groups of organisms that interbreed and are found in the same environment
species
Who was the first person to develop a widely used classification system?
What type of system was it?
What determined his classification of plants? What were his plant groupings?
What determined his classification of animals? What were his animal groupings?
aristotle, artificial, wood content, herbs shrubs trees, environment, fish birds land animals
What is the problem with using artificial characteristics to classify organisms?
man makes mistakes, environment can effect the appearance of the organism
Why are physical characteristics an inadequate basis for grouping members of a species?
Physical characteristics are inadequate for grouping members of a species because they can be misleading, do not accurately reflect genetic diversity, and are influenced by environmental factors
system based on observable characteristics
artificial classification system
organisms that appear the same but have different environments
ecotypes
Who developed the classification system we use today?
When? What type of system is it?
What are his classifications based upon?
What are the levels of his classification system -- in order?
Carolus linnaeus, mid 1700's, artificial, physical characterirstics reproduction and environment, kingdom phylum class order family genus species
What is the problem with using interbreeding to classify organisms?
it only applies to organisms that reproduce sexually, ecotypes
List two reasons why interbreeding is a difficult basis to use for grouping organisms into species categories
(1) Some organisms reproduce asexually
(2) Natural variations or ecotypes
biological keys
natural grouping of organisms with the ability to reproduce
biblical kind
What are the three rules of hierarchy?
each level is divided into the next level of classification, each level has characteristics in common with the levels above it, each level can be divided into smaller ones
What is the evolutionist's view of an offspring of two different species? What is the creationist's view?
evolutionist - 2 different species' offspring is the emergence of a 3rd species
creationist - the parents are missclassified and theyre the same species
2 name naming system
binomial nomenclature
system based on geneteic similarities
natural system of classification
What language is used in today's classification system? List three reasons why?
Latin. 1. dead language 2. descriptive 3. used by scholars worldwide
What do evolutionists hope to achieve with a natural system of classification? What do Creationists think such a system will show?
evolutionists - common ancestry in order to create a accurate phylogenetic tree.
creationist - the system shows that each biblical kind is uniquely distinctive
(genus-species)
scientific name
challenge to taxonomists
1 million organism kinds, 10000 to 20000 new organisms being added yearly
How is the scientific name written?
genus capitalized, species isint, in italics when typed, genus-species
Why are Aristotle's and Linnaeus' grouping of living things considered artificial classification systems?
Artificial classification organizes based on appearance - Aristotle's and Linneaus' were based on appearance