Clinical Manifestations
Symptoms of this GI disorder can mimic symptoms of angina
What is GERD
This imaging procedure uses a flexible tube to directly visualize the upper gastrointestinal tract.
What is an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)?
This bacteria is the most common cause of both gastric and duodenal ulcers.
What is Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)?
This complications happens after a massive GI bleed and causes hypoperfusion of organs and tissues.
What is hypovolemic shock?
These type of imbalances are related to low food intake, vomiting and diarrhea, that is secondary to gastric surgery and food poisoning.
What is fluid and electrolyte imbalance?
This white patchy lesion that occurs in the oral cavity can be a precursor to cancer in the oral cavity.
What is leukoplakia
This is an X-ray imaging test that uses a dye to exam blood vessels that supply the digestive system to identify source of bleeding, and is performed if bleeding persists after an endoscopy.
What is a mesenteric angiogram?
This condition of the esophagus is related to liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
What is esophageal varices?
This life-threatening complication can occur if esophageal cancer erodes into the trachea or lungs.
What is fistula formation? Or what is tracheoesophageal fistula?
Patients with peptic ulcers should avoid this category of pain relievers, which can damage the stomach lining.
What are NSAIDS.
As the disease progresses, patients with esophageal cancer have trouble swallowing this type of food last.
What are liquids?
This is a type of dye that can be used to detect cancer in the oral cavity
What is toludine blue test.
Sensory impulses sent from various organs travel to this area of the brain, triggering the vomiting reflex
What is medulla oblongata
This complication of GERD can cause the epithelial cells in the esophagus to change shape, predisposing patients to esophageal cancer
What is Barrett’s esophagus
If noninvasive management hasn’t worked and symptoms of acid reflux are severe, patients may undergo this type of procedure to strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter
What is Nissen fundoplication.
This term refers to painful swallowing and is often experienced in advanced stages of esophageal cancer.
What is odynophagia?
This noninvasive test detects the enzyme urease, which is produced by H. pylori, and is considered more accurate than stool tests.
What is the urea breath test?
Vomiting bile-appearing contents from below the pyloric sphincter can lead to what type of acid-base imbalance
What is metabolic acidosis
This severe complication of peptic ulcers requires immediate attention when the patient presents with sudden, severe abdominal pain, a rigid abdomen, and absent bowel sounds.
What is perforation?
This lifestyle change is essential to prevent ulcer recurrence. Name at least one.
What are smoking cessation, avoiding alcohol, reducing stress, avoiding caffeine?
This happens because of an upper GI bleed, is foul due to digestion of blood, with a black appearance due to breakdown of hemoglobin and release of iron.
What is melena?
This procedure uses small incisions and a thin tube with a camera at its tip to inspect the inside of the stomach and its surrounding areas for tissue samples and staging, and can be used to remove the cancerous part of the stomach.
What is a laparoscopy? What is a laparoscopic gastrectomy?
This happens because food empties into the bowel quickly and is manifested by weakness, sweating, dizziness and palpitations.
What complication is a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and liver cirrhosis at risk for if they have been taking antacids daily for the past 30 years when they get heartburn
what is fluid retention
The nurse should insert this in preparation for rapid fluid resuscitation in response to hypovolemic shock.
What are large bore IVs?