DNA Structure & Basics
Double helix
What is the shape of DNA
the nucleus
Where does transcription take place?
Ribosome
Where does translation take place?
Nucleic acid
What DNA is?
transcription
What happens first in protein synthesis?
Sugar, phosphate, base
What three parts make up a nucleotide?
RNA polymerase
Which enzyme unzips DNA and builds mRNA?
transfer RNA
Which molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome?
Build proteins / read mRNA
What is the job of ribosomes?
it must unzip
What must happen to DNA before mRNA can be built?
Thymine
Which base pairs with adenine in DNA?
messenger RNA
What molecule is made during transcription?
Codons
What are the three-letter “chunks” on mRNA called?
anticodons
What is the name for the matching three-letter code on tRNA?
uracil
What is the base that replaces thymine in RNA?
Deoxyribose
What sugar is found in DNA?
it unzips
What happens to DNA at the start of transcription?
Amino acids
What links together during translation to form a protein?
DNA
What molecule contains the instructions for making proteins?
a protein chain
What is the final product of transcription AND translation combined?
A gene
What do we call a segment of DNA that codes for a protein?
It leaves the nucleus and travels to the ribosome
What happens to mRNA after it is made?
mRNA codons
What do anticodons match with during translation?
base pair
What else, in addition to sugar and phosphate, makes up a nucleotide?
Transcription, translation
What is protein synthesis?