Virtues & Vices
These are good character traits like honesty and courage.
What are virtues?
Aristotles term for the highest human good or chief good is this.
Eudaemonia
Aristotle argued that true freedom involves acting in accordance with this human capacity, which distinguishes us from animals.
What is reason (or rationality)?
Aristotle believed the good life isn’t about pursuing pleasure, but instead living in accordance to this
What is the virtuous life?
These are bad character traits that fall on either extreme.
What are vices?
Repeated action, also known as ____ is how virtue is developed.
Habit
This type of action, central to Aristotle’s idea of freedom, is done knowingly and without external compulsion.
What is a voluntary action?
Aristotle believed that the good life involves actively doing this with excellence, instead of just having the ability
What is living according to reason?
The virtue between wastefulness and stinginess.
What is generosity?
The reasoning skill used to find the right moral choice is known as this.
Practical Wisdom
For Aristotle, freedom is not doing whatever you want, but aligning your choices with this cultivated state of moral excellence.
What is virtue?
Aristotle believed that the good life must be judged over the course of this, not just one moment
What is lifetime?
The vice of having too much pride.
What is vanity (or arrogance)?
These three goods are challenged by Aristotle as a final good, however are proven wrong.
Wealth, Pleasure, and Honor
Aristotle believed we are responsible for our actions because they originate from this internal source rather than external forces.
What is the agent/self?
Aristotle believed things like money or tools are valued only because they help us reach something else
What are instrumental goods?
Aristotle believed virtues are developed through this, not just thinking.
What is practice (or habit)?
What is the full definition of Eudaemonia
Rational activity in accordance with virtue or excellence, over a complete life.
This Greek term refers to deliberate choice, a key component of freedom involving rational decision-making about means to ends.
What is prohairesis?
These things like wealth, health, and friends support the good life but don’t define it
What are external goods?