Early Republic
This man was President of the United States when the Louisiana Purchase was completed in 1803
Who is Thomas Jefferson?
This belief held that the United States was destined to expand across the North American continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific
What is Manifest Destiny?
This 1857 Supreme Court decision ruled that African Americans were not citizens and stated Congress could not prohibit slavery in federal territories. 100
What is Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)?
This Confederate attack in April 1861 is generally considered the event that started the Civil War
What is the attack on Fort Sumter?
This inventor created a machine that sped up cotton processing and had a major economic impact on the South
Who is Eli Whitney?
These two leaders’ disagreements over federal power, economic policy, and foreign policy led to the emergence of the Federalist and Democratic‑Republican parties
Who are Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson?
This 1862 law offered 160 acres to settlers who lived on and farmed the land for five years
What is the Homestead Act (1862)?
Before the Civil War, this region was largely industrial and manufacturing‑based while this region was agricultural and relied on enslaved labor for cash crops
What are the North (industrial) and the South (agricultural/enslaved labor)?
This man served as President of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War
Who is Jefferson Davis?
This effect of the cotton gin increased cotton profitability and led planters to expand cotton production and enslaved labor
What is increased demand for land and enslaved labor (expansion of slavery)?
This 1803 Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review for the U.S. Supreme Court
What is Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
This overland route carried pioneers from Independence, Missouri, to the Oregon Territory and the Columbia River
What is the Oregon Trail?
This 1854 law allowed territories to use popular sovereignty to decide whether to allow slavery and increased violence and tension in the territories
What is the Kansas‑Nebraska Act (1854)?
This Virginia village is where General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant in April 1865
What is Appomattox Court House, Virginia?
This secret network of routes and safe houses helped enslaved people escape to freedom in Northern states and Canada
What is the Underground Railroad?
In his Farewell Address, this president warned against political factions and foreign entanglements and urged national unity
Who is George Washington?
This 1848 treaty ended the Mexican‑American War and led to the U.S. acquisition of large parts of the modern Southwest
What is the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)?
These two compromises (one from 1820 and one from 1850) were both attempts to maintain a balance between free and slave states and reduce sectional conflict over slavery’s expansion
What are the Missouri Compromise (1820) and the Compromise of 1850?
Issued on January 1, 1863, this executive order declared enslaved people in Confederate‑held territories to be free
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
What is the Underground Railroad?
Who is Horace Mann?
In 1794 this challenge to federal tax authority resulted in a presidential show of force that demonstrated the national government’s power to enforce laws
What is the Whiskey Rebellion?
This 1803 land purchase doubled the size of the United States, gave control of key trade routes like the Mississippi, and opened vast lands for settlement
What is the Louisiana Purchase?
This abolitionist led a raid on Harpers Ferry in 1859 and believed violent action was justified to end slavery
Who is John Brown?
Three post-Civil War constitutional amendments and two federal policies defined citizenship and political rights for formerly enslaved people: abolition, citizenship/equal protection, and voting rights, to assist freed people and congressional Reconstruction Acts
What are the Thirteenth Amendment, the Fourteenth Amendment, the Fifteenth Amendment, the Civil Rights Bill of 1866, and the Reconstruction Acts of 1867?
These are two major effects of the First Industrial Revolution in the United States: increased factory production and movement to cities, and growth of transportation networks and changing labor conditions
What are increased factory production and urbanization; and growth in transportation networks and changing labor conditions?