Assessment
asthma, pneumonia, & COPD
Structures & function of respiratory system
Adventitious breath sounds
Hypoxia, hypoxemia, & ischemia
100

What are some techniques for auscultating lung sounds? 

Zig-zag pattern both anteriorly and posteriorly. 

100

What is the characteristic sound associated with ACUTE asthma that is often heard during expiration?


Wheezing


100

What structures of the respiratory system warm and remove impurities from inhaled air?

a. The epiglottis deflects impurities out of the trachea and into the esophagus,while the nasal cavity warms the air.

b. Hair and mucus in the nose and trachea catch impurities, while the nasal cavity warms the air.

c. Saliva in the mouth and hair in the trachea catch impurities, while the pharynx warms the air.

d. The closed-off compartments of the larynx trap impurities in the air and warm the air.


Hair and mucus in the nose and trachea catch impurities, while the nasal cavity warms the air.

100

Which of the following best describes crackles?

a) High-pitched, musical sounds

   b) Low-pitched, rumbling sounds

   c) Discontinuous, popping or bubbling sounds

   d) Continuous, musical sounds


Discontinuous, popping or bubbling sounds


100

A decrease of low oxygen in blood is known as

hypoxia

200

What is our favorite phrase we ask patients to say repeatedly when assessing tactile fremitus?


Ninety-nine or Blue moon


200

What is the hallmark sign of pneumonia that is typically exacerbated by deep breathing or coughing?


Chest pain


200

What musculotendinous septum separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen?

diaphram

200

Rhonchi are often associated with which of the following conditions?

  a) Asthma

   b) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

   c) Pneumonia

   d) Pulmonary edema


Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)


200

Which test would be used to test for hypoxia?

Pulse oximeter

300

Where is tactile fremitus most intense?


Scapulae


300

What physical characteristic of the chest is often seen in advanced stages of COPD due to lung hyperinflation?


Barrel chest

300

What is the medical term for a collapsed or shrunken alveoli?

atelectasis

300

Wheezes with an airway obstruction are characterized by:

   a) A low-pitched, rumbling sound

   b) A high-pitched, musical sound

   c) Crackling or bubbling sounds

   d) No sound


 A high-pitched, musical sound

300

A low profusion of blood due to blockage in the artery

ischemia

400

*What are the different types of changes in tactile fremitus during a nursing health assessment, and what might they indicate about the patient's respiratory health?*


Increased/decreased tactile fremitus; absent tacticle fremitus 

400

What symptom of pneumonia is often accompanied by yellow or green sputum?


 Cough


400

What is the greatest function of the respiratory system?


supplying oxygen to the body

400

What is a clinical example of a stridor sound? 


a) croup and acute epiglottis in children and foreign inhalation


b) bronchitis


c) in aging adults bedridden


d) pulmonary edema, pneumonia, or pulmonary fibrosis and the terminally ill who have a depressed cough reflex

 croup and acute epiglottis in children and foreign inhalation


400

Ischemia narrowing of arteries. What is this narrowing known as

atherosclerosis

500

What part of the stethoscope do you use to auscultate the lungs?

diaphragm

500

Which symptom of asthma is typically worse at night or early in the morning?


Coughing


500

What structures compose the lower respiratory tract? 


trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli

500

What is a pleural friction rub?

adventitious breath sound heard on auscultation of the lung

500

Is atherosclerosis normal in older adults? Yes or no?

Yes, Normal in aging because the peripheral blood vessels grow more rigid with age

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