Ecosystems
Food Chains
Food Web
Ecosystems P.2
Producers, Consumers, Decomposers
100
1.Which statement best describes both forest and grassland ecosystems?
A. Both are aquatic (water-based) ecosystems.
B. Both are terrestrial (land-based) ecosystems.
C. Both are made up of mostly trees.
D. Both are always found in cold places
B. Both are terrestrial (land-based) ecosystems.
100
3.What information does a food chain represent about an ecosystem?
A. The flow of water through an ecosystem.
B. The flow of food between animals.
C. The flow of food between decomposers.
D. The flow of energy from the sun, to producers, to a series of consumers.
D. The flow of energy from the sun, to producers, to a series of consumers.
100
Give an example of a food web in a rainforest.
Answers will vary.
100
19. Josie wants to add bacteria to her list. How should she classify it?
A. Bacteria is a producer.
B. Bacteria is a consumer.
C. Bacteria is a biotic factor.
D. Bacteria is an abiotic factor.
C. Bacteria is a biotic factor.
100
20. Which biotic factor on Josie’s list is best classified as a producer in the rainforest ecosystem?
A. Trees
B. Spiders
C. Snakes
D. Monkeys
A. Trees
200
2.How are estuaries different from ponds, lakes, and oceans?
A. Estuaries contain only salt water.
B. Estuaries contain only freshwater.
C. Estuaries contain a mixture of both saltwater and freshwater.
D. Estuaries are terrestrial (land-based) ecosystems.
C. Estuaries contain a mixture of both saltwater and freshwater.
200
15.Which organisms in the food chain are best classified as consumers?
A. Grass and grasshopper
B. Grasshopper and frog
C. Grasshopper, frog, and raccoon
D. Raccoon and bacteria only
C. Grasshopper, frog, and raccoon
200
22. Suppose a chemical spill kills most of the frogs in the ecosystem. Which of the following is most likely to happen?
A. Some raccoons will leave in search of another food source.
B. The raccoons will begin to eat grass.
C. The grass will dry up and turn brown.
D. The population of grasshoppers will decrease (get smaller).
A. Some raccoons will leave in search of another food source.
200
Josie made the following list to classify some of the biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) factors of a rainforest ecosystem. For questions 18-20.
18. How should Josie classify the factor of temperature on her list?
A. Temperature is a biotic factor.
B. Temperature is an abiotic factor.
C. Temperature is a producer.
D. Temperature is a decomposer.
B. Temperature is an abiotic factor.
200
11.How are mushrooms, bacteria, and worms best classified in a terrestrial ecosystem?
A. They are best classified as decomposers.
B. They are best classified as producers.
C. They are best classified as consumers.
D. They are best classified as both producers and consumers.
A. They are best classified as decomposers.
300
4.Bison, prairie dogs, and grasshoppers live in an area with fertile soil and tall grasses. In which ecosystem do they live?
A. salt marshes
B. ponds
C. forests
D. grasslands
D. grasslands
300
16.Which organism in the food chain above is best classified as a decomposer?
A. Grass
B. Frog
C. Grasshopper
D. Bacteria
D. Bacteria
300
5.What information does a food web represent about an ecosystem?
A. The flow of food between animals.
B. The flow of energy through an ecosystem.
C. The flow of water through an ecosystem.
D. The flow of food between decomposers
B. The flow of energy through an ecosystem.
300
8.How do ocean and pond ecosystems compare?
A. Oceans are shallower than ponds.
B. Oceans include freshwater and ponds include saltwater.
C. Oceans include more biodiversity of organisms (plants and animals) than ponds.
D. Ponds are large bodies of water divided by continents.
C. Oceans include more biodiversity of organisms (plants and animals) than ponds.
300
12.How are plants and algae best classified in an aquatic (water-based) ecosystem?
A. Plants and algae are best classified as producers.
B. Plants and algae are best classified as consumers.
C. Plants and algae are best classified as decomposers.
D. Plants and algae are best classified as abiotic (nonliving).
A. Plants and algae are best classified as producers.
400
6.Some aquatic ecosystems are a mixture of freshwater and salty water. They are rich in nutrients and provide a good environment for the offspring of many fish and shellfish. Which ecosystem is best described by the characteristics above?
A. A pond ecosystem
B. A forest ecosystem
C. An ocean ecosystem
D. An estuary ecosystem
D. An estuary ecosystem
400
17.Which food chain below models the flow of energy from a producer to a consumer to another consumer?
A. crow —> caterpillar —> shrub
B. plant—> caterpillar —> crow
C. hawk —> shrub—-> caterpillar
D. caterpillar —> plant —> hawk
B. plant—> caterpillar —> crow
400
10.What is the purpose of a food web?
A.It is a visual representation that shows the flow of oxygen and carbon dioxide in an ecosystem.
B. It is a visual representation that shows how nitrogen is used by plants and animals in an ecosystem.
C. It is a visual representation that shows how producers use sunlight and carbon dioxide in the process of photosynthesis.
D. It is a visual representation that shows overlapping food chains and all the paths energy can take in an ecosystem.
D. It is a visual representation that shows overlapping food chains and all the paths energy can take in an ecosystem.
400
9.Which statement best describes an ecosystem?
A. An ecosystem is all the organisms of the same kind in a particular area.
B. An ecosystem is a forest or an ocean.
C. An ecosystem is all the living and nonliving parts of the environment and how they interact with each other.
D. An ecosystem is any organism, such as algae.
C. An ecosystem is all the living and nonliving parts of the environment and how they interact with each other.
400
30. How might cutting down trees and clearing the land change the forest ecosystem?
A. Squirrels and birds will lose their habitats.
B. Soil erosion might occur because trees and other plants are removed.
C. There will be less food for squirrels and birds to eat.
D. All of the above are possible changes to the forest ecosystem.
D. All of the above are possible changes to the forest ecosystem.
500
7.How do forest and grassland ecosystems compare?
A. They have temperatures that vary based on their locations on Earth.
B. They receive the same amount of rainfall each year.
C. They are dark because they are shaded from sunlight.
D. They have poor soil (not rich in nutrients).
A. They have temperatures that vary based on their locations on Earth.
500
14.Which statement best describes how organisms get energy?
A. Decomposers get energy directly from the sun.
B. Consumers eat only other consumers for energy.
C. Consumers eat only producers for energy.
D. Decomposers feed on dead decaying organisms.
D. Decomposers feed on dead decaying organisms.
500
21. In a grassland ecosystem, mice and rabbits eat plants. Hawks eat mice and rabbits. Suppose a disease kills many of the rabbits in the grassland. Which of the following is most likely to occur?
A. The mice will move to another grassland.
B. The hawks will eat more mice.
C. The mice will run out of food.
D. The hawks will begin to eat plants
B. The hawks will eat more mice.
500
13.When animals breathe, they give off a gas called carbon dioxide. How does carbon dioxide cycle through an ecosystem?
A. Plants take in carbon dioxide for the process of photosynthesis.
B. Other animals take in carbon dioxide to breathe.
C. The carbon dioxide spreads plant pollen.
D. Fish take in carbon dioxide to breathe.
A. Plants take in carbon dioxide for the process of photosynthesis.
500
26. Eelgrass is a flowering underwater plant. Eelgrass is a source of food for birds and turtles in an estuary ecosystem.
What might happen to the bird and turtle populations in the estuary ecosystem if eelgrass is removed to build a bridge?
A. The turtle population might increase (get bigger) and the bird population might decrease (get smaller).
B. The turtle population might decrease (get smaller) and the bird population might increase (get bigger).
C. Both the turtle and bird populations might decrease (get smaller).
D. Both the turtle and bird populations might increase (get bigger).
C. Both the turtle and bird populations might decrease (get smaller).