Author's Message
Author's Purpose
Context Clues
Story Elements
100

There was once a grand lion who lived in the forest. One day, as the lion was laying down for a nap, a little mouse scurried across his foot. The lion caught the mouse and was preparing to eat it when the little mouse squeaked, "STOP! Please sir, if you spare me I will help you when you need it most!" The lion laughed to think a mouse could help him, but let the mouse go. Later the lion was walking through the forest and was caught in a trap set by hunters. He let out a mighty roar, and soon the little mouse came and chewed through the ropes. The lion was freed!

What is the Author's Message?

Never judge a book by its cover; don't judge someone based on looks alone.

100

There was once a grand lion who lived in the forest. One day, as the lion was laying down for a nap, a little mouse scurried across his foot. The lion caught the mouse and was preparing to eat it when the little mouse squeaked, "STOP! Please sir, if you spare me I will help you when you need it most!" The lion laughed to think a mouse could help him, but let the mouse go. Later the lion was walking through the forest and was caught in a trap set by hunters. He let out a mighty roar, and soon the little mouse came and chewed through the ropes. The lion was freed!

What is the Author's Purpose?

To entertain. This story is teaching us a lesson in an entertaining way, but we're not learning any facts and it's not explaining how anything came to be.

100

There was once a grand lion who lived in the forest. One day, as the lion was laying down for a nap, a little mouse scurried across his foot. The lion caught the mouse and was preparing to eat it when the little mouse squeaked, "STOP! Please sir, if you spare me I will help you when you need it most!" The lion laughed to think a mouse could help him, but let the mouse go. Later the lion was walking through the forest and was caught in a trap set by hunters. He let out a mighty roar, and soon the little mouse came and chewed through the ropes. The lion was freed!

What does the word scurried mean in this story?

To run across quickly

100

There was once a grand lion who lived in the forest. One day, as the lion was laying down for a nap, a little mouse scurried across his foot. The lion caught the mouse and was preparing to eat it when the little mouse squeaked, "STOP! Please sir, if you spare me I will help you when you need it most!" The lion laughed to think a mouse could help him, but let the mouse go. Later the lion was walking through the forest and was caught in a trap set by hunters. He let out a mighty roar, and soon the little mouse came and chewed through the ropes. The lion was freed!

What is the setting of this story?

A forest. The first sentence tells us that "There was once a grand lion who lived in the forest."

200

Once upon a time there was a leopard who was hunting for food. He had bright orange fur, and any time he came near his prey, they would see him and run away. The leopard was very hungry, and knew if he didn't catch food soon, he would perish. A poor villager saw Leopard and took pity on him. The villager told Leopard, "I know what it is like to be hungry. I will help you. I know a way for you to stay out of sight!" Leopard was thrilled, and went with the villager to a watering hole. The villager used mud to paint spots on Leopard to camouflage him. With his dark spots covering his orange fur, Leopard blended in perfectly with the dry grass. The next day, he was able to catch food without any trouble. He was so grateful to the villager that he brought half of his food back to him any time he caught prey. The villager never had to worry about food again, and that is how the Leopard got its spots.

What is the Author's Message?

Help others in need and good things will come back to you.

200

Once upon a time there was a leopard who was hunting for food. He had bright orange fur, and any time he came near his prey, they would see him and run away. The leopard was very hungry, and knew if he didn't catch food soon, he would perish. A poor villager saw Leopard and took pity on him. The villager told Leopard, "I know what it is like to be hungry. I will help you. I know a way for you to stay out of sight!" Leopard was thrilled, and went with the villager to a watering hole. The villager used mud to paint spots on Leopard to camouflage him. With his dark spots covering his orange fur, Leopard blended in perfectly with the dry grass. The next day, he was able to catch food without any trouble. He was so grateful to the villager that he brought half of his food back to him any time he caught prey. The villager never had to worry about food again, and that is how the Leopard got its spots.

What is the Author's Purpose?

To Explain. This story is Explaining how Leopard got its spots.

200

Once upon a time there was a leopard who was hunting for food. He had bright orange fur, and any time he came near his prey, they would see him and run away. The leopard was very hungry, and knew if he didn't catch food soon, he would perish. A poor villager saw Leopard and took pity on him. The villager told Leopard, "I know what it is like to be hungry. I will help you. I know a way for you to stay out of sight!" Leopard was thrilled, and went with the villager to a watering hole. The villager used mud to paint spots on Leopard to camouflage him. With his dark spots covering his orange fur, Leopard blended in perfectly with the dry grass. The next day, he was able to catch food without any trouble. He was so grateful to the villager that he brought half of his food back to him any time he caught prey. The villager never had to worry about food again, and that is how the Leopard got its spots.

What does the word perish mean in this story?

Perish means to die.

200

Once upon a time there was a leopard who was hunting for food. He had bright orange fur, and any time he came near his prey, they would see him and run away. The leopard was very hungry, and knew if he didn't catch food soon, he would perish. A poor villager saw Leopard and took pity on him. The villager told Leopard, "I know what it is like to be hungry. I will help you. I know a way for you to stay out of sight!" Leopard was thrilled, and went with the villager to a watering hole. The villager used mud to paint spots on Leopard to camouflage him. With his dark spots covering his orange fur, Leopard blended in perfectly with the dry grass. The next day, he was able to catch food without any trouble. He was so grateful to the villager that he brought half of his food back to him any time he caught prey. The villager never had to worry about food again, and that is how the Leopard got its spots.

What is the rising action of this story?

Remember rising action is the problem of the story. The problem of this story is that Leopard isn't able to catch any food.

300

Anansi was once sitting high in a tree, and saw in the distance that Goat was tending his garden. Goat's fruit and vegetables looked delicious! Anansi made his way to Goat's garden and waited until Goat was gone. He then ate as much melon as he could until he was no longer able to move. He was stuck! Goat soon came back to the garden, and Anansi decided to play a trick to get free. Anansi was still stuck in the melon so he shouted out, "Over here!" Goat looked around and said, "Who's there??" Anansi laughed and shouted, "It's me, the melon!" Goat was so frightened he stamped on the melon. Anansi was stamped flat! He was able to crawl away without being noticed, but he was badly hurt. When Anansi healed, he decided he should not play tricks like that again.


What is the Author's Message?

Lying will only get you into more trouble.

300

Anansi was once sitting high in a tree, and saw in the distance that Goat was tending his garden. Goat's fruit and vegetables looked delicious! Anansi made his way to Goat's garden and waited until Goat was gone. He then ate as much melon as he could until he was no longer able to move. He was stuck! Goat soon came back to the garden, and Anansi decided to play a trick to get free. Anansi was still stuck in the melon so he shouted out, "Over here!" Goat looked around and said, "Who's there??" Anansi laughed and shouted, "It's me, the melon!" Goat was so frightened he stamped on the melon. Anansi was stamped flat! He was able to crawl away without being noticed, but he was badly hurt. When Anansi healed, he decided he should not play tricks like that again.


What is the Author's Purpose?

To Entertain. This story was not explaining how anything came to be, so it is only for entertainment.

300

Anansi was once sitting high in a tree, and saw in the distance that Goat was tending his garden. Goat's fruit and vegetables looked delicious! Anansi made his way to Goat's garden and waited until Goat was gone. He then ate as much melon as he could until he was no longer able to move. He was stuck! Goat soon came back to the garden, and Anansi decided to play a trick to get free. Anansi was still stuck in the melon so he shouted out, "Over here!" Goat looked around and said, "Who's there??" Anansi laughed and shouted, "It's me, the melon!" Goat was so frightened he stamped on the melon. Anansi was stamped flat! He was able to crawl away without being noticed, but he was badly hurt. When Anansi healed, he decided he should not play tricks like that again.


What does the word stamped mean in this story?

Stamped means to strike or step on with force.

300

Anansi was once sitting high in a tree, and saw in the distance that Goat was tending his garden. Goat's fruit and vegetables looked delicious! Anansi made his way to Goat's garden and waited until Goat was gone. He then ate as much melon as he could until he was no longer able to move. He was stuck! Goat soon came back to the garden, and Anansi decided to play a trick to get free. Anansi was still stuck in the melon so he shouted out, "Over here!" Goat looked around and said, "Who's there??" Anansi laughed and shouted, "It's me, the melon!" Goat was so frightened he stamped on the melon. Anansi was stamped flat! He was able to crawl away without being noticed, but he was badly hurt. When Anansi healed, he decided he should not play tricks like that again.


What is the climax of this story?

Anansi pretends to be the melon, which scares Goat so much he stamps Anansi.

400

Monkey loved to tease the other animals in the jungle. All day long he would make faces at them and throw things at them, and all the other animals were greatly annoyed with Monkey. They decided to teach Monkey a lesson. One day, while Monkey was teasing Hippo about his crooked teeth, Toucan shouted out, "Monkey, if you weren't so busy bothering Hippo you could be getting treasure instead!" Monkey stopped to listen to Toucan. "I saw a golden, ripe banana in that log over there. I bet it's still there!" Monkey couldn't resist a good banana, so he hopped on the log in the middle of the river. "It's inside the log! You'll have to reach in and grab it!" Toucan shouted. Monkey reached inside the log and saw many white, pointed thorns. He did not see a banana. He looked at the log more closely and realized it was really Alligator! Monkey turned to run but SNAP! Alligator chomped down on Monkey's tale. Monkey pulled and pulled, and his tail got longer and longer. Finally he broke free and ran high into a tree. He looked at his tail and it was long and droopy. That is how the Monkey got its long tail.

What is the Author's Message?

If you do bad things, bad things will happen to you.

400

Monkey loved to tease the other animals in the jungle. All day long he would make faces at them and throw things at them, and all the other animals were greatly annoyed with Monkey. They decided to teach Monkey a lesson. One day, while Monkey was teasing Hippo about his crooked teeth, Toucan shouted out, "Monkey, if you weren't so busy bothering Hippo you could be getting treasure instead!" Monkey stopped to listen to Toucan. "I saw a golden, ripe banana in that log over there. I bet it's still there!" Monkey couldn't resist a good banana, so he hopped on the log in the middle of the river. "It's inside the log! You'll have to reach in and grab it!" Toucan shouted. Monkey reached inside the log and saw many white, pointed thorns. He did not see a banana. He looked at the log more closely and realized it was really Alligator! Monkey turned to run but SNAP! Alligator chomped down on Monkey's tale. Monkey pulled and pulled, and his tail got longer and longer. Finally he broke free and ran high into a tree. He looked at his tail and it was long and droopy. That is how the Monkey got its long tail.

What is the Author's Purpose?

To Explain how Monkey got a long tail.
400

Monkey loved to tease the other animals in the jungle. All day long he would make faces at them and throw things at them, and all the other animals were greatly annoyed with Monkey. They decided to teach Monkey a lesson. One day, while Monkey was teasing Hippo about his crooked teeth, Toucan shouted out, "Monkey, if you weren't so busy bothering Hippo you could be getting treasure instead!" Monkey stopped to listen to Toucan. "I saw a golden, ripe banana in that log over there. I bet it's still there!" Monkey couldn't resist a good banana, so he hopped on the log in the middle of the river. "It's inside the log! You'll have to reach in and grab it!" Toucan shouted. Monkey reached inside the log and saw many white, pointed thorns. He did not see a banana. He looked at the log more closely and realized it was really Alligator! Monkey turned to run but SNAP! Alligator chomped down on Monkey's tale. Monkey pulled and pulled, and his tail got longer and longer. Finally he broke free and ran high into a tree. He looked at his tail and it was long and droopy. That is how the Monkey got its long tail.

What does the word resist mean in the story?

Resist means prevent from happening.

400

Monkey loved to tease the other animals in the jungle. All day long he would make faces at them and throw things at them, and all the other animals were greatly annoyed with Monkey. They decided to teach Monkey a lesson. One day, while Monkey was teasing Hippo about his crooked teeth, Toucan shouted out, "Monkey, if you weren't so busy bothering Hippo you could be getting treasure instead!" Monkey stopped to listen to Toucan. "I saw a golden, ripe banana in that log over there. I bet it's still there!" Monkey couldn't resist a good banana, so he hopped on the log in the middle of the river. "It's inside the log! You'll have to reach in and grab it!" Toucan shouted. Monkey reached inside the log and saw many white, pointed thorns. He did not see a banana. He looked at the log more closely and realized it was really Alligator! Monkey turned to run but SNAP! Alligator chomped down on Monkey's tale. Monkey pulled and pulled, and his tail got longer and longer. Finally he broke free and ran high into a tree. He looked at his tail and it was long and droopy. That is how the Monkey got its long tail.

What is the Falling Action?

Monkey realizes the log is actually Alligator

500

Once there was an armadillo who loved music more than anything in the world and desperately wanted to sing. He would sit and watch the frogs, crickets, and birds, all of whom could sing beautifully, and sigh. The other animals made fun of him because no one believed armadillos could sing. The armadillo finally decided to go see the wizard who lived in the forest. He wished that he would be able to sing. The wizard agreed, but warned the armadillo he would have to pay a terrible price. The armadillo didn't care, he only wanted to sing. So the wizard turned him into an instrument, and gave him to a musician in town. The musician played the armadillo instrument, and all the animals sadly said, "finally armadillo has learned to sing."

What is the Author's Message of this story?

Be careful what you wish for.

500

Once there was an armadillo who loved music more than anything in the world and desperately wanted to sing. He would sit and watch the frogs, crickets, and birds, all of whom could sing beautifully, and sigh. The other animals made fun of him because no one believed armadillos could sing. The armadillo finally decided to go see the wizard who lived in the forest. He wished that he would be able to sing. The wizard agreed, but warned the armadillo he would have to pay a terrible price. The armadillo didn't care, he only wanted to sing. So the wizard turned him into an instrument, and gave him to a musician in town. The musician played the armadillo instrument, and all the animals sadly said, "finally armadillo has learned to sing."

What is the Author's Purpose of this story?

To entertain

500

Once there was an armadillo who loved music more than anything in the world and desperately wanted to sing. He would sit and watch the frogs, crickets, and birds, all of whom could sing beautifully, and sigh. The other animals made fun of him because no one believed armadillos could sing. The armadillo finally decided to go see the wizard who lived in the forest. He wished that he would be able to sing. The wizard agreed, but warned the armadillo he would have to pay a terrible price. The armadillo didn't care, he only wanted to sing. So the wizard turned him into an instrument, and gave him to a musician in town. The musician played the armadillo instrument, and all the animals sadly said, "finally armadillo has learned to sing."

What does the word desperately mean in this story?

Desperately means an extreme desire or need for something.

500

Once there was an armadillo who loved music more than anything in the world and desperately wanted to sing. He would sit and watch the frogs, crickets, and birds, all of whom could sing beautifully, and sigh. The other animals made fun of him because no one believed armadillos could sing. The armadillo finally decided to go see the wizard who lived in the forest. He wished that he would be able to sing. The wizard agreed, but warned the armadillo he would have to pay a terrible price. The armadillo didn't care, he only wanted to sing. So the wizard turned him into an instrument, and gave him to a musician in town. The musician played the armadillo instrument, and all the animals sadly said, "finally armadillo has learned to sing."

What is the resolution of this story?

The armadillo is played as an instrument and all the other animals feel sad for him.

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