Rock types
Rocks that have formed due to layers of sediment cemented together are called-
Sedimentary rocks
transform
Why are certain layers of the earth liquid?
a. hot temperatures
b. intense pressure
c. moving plates
d. magnetic forces
a. hot temperatures
__________ is soil moving downstream by rushing water
_______ is sediment piling up to form sand bars
__________ is sidewalk cracking apart due to strong tree roots growing under it
erosion, deposition, weathering
Why would a civil engineer learn about faults?
a. to know where plate boundaries are located
b. to measure the number of earthquakes
c. to be able to mark a volcano on a map
d. to observe eroded landscapes before building
a. to know where plate boundaries are located
Which rock type is caused by heat and pressure?
metamorphic rocks
When two tectonic plates slide past eachother, it is likely that-
a. land will fall into the magma
b. earthquakes can occur
c. volcanoes are likely to form
d. a trench will develop
b. earthquakes can occur
a. decrease
b. remain the same
c. become equal
d. increase
d. increase
Which of these changes to earth are most likely caused by weathering?
a. mountain range
b. canyon
c. desert
d. sand dune
b. canyon
What evidence has been discovered that leads scientists to conclude that parts of Virginia were once covered by ocean?
a. salinity levels in Virginia's soil have been tested
b. satellite pictures of an ocean covering Virginia have been studied
c. fossils of ocean animals have been found in Virginia
d. special minerals made from salt have been discovered in Virginia
c. fossils of ocean animals have been found in Virginia
A dichotomous key could be used to-
a. list tectonic boundaries
b. show the rock cycle
c. identify and classify rock types
d. describe how to find a rock
c. identify and classify rock types
What type of boundary move toward each other and causes earthquakes and forms mountains?
convergent
Name the 4 layers of the earth in order from outside to inside.
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
Erosion happens when rocks and sediments are picked up and moved to another place by-
a. animals and plants
b. water and wind
c. humans and animals
d. earthquakes and volcanoes
b. water and wind
Which is likely to cause erosion to happen more quickly?
a. trimming bushes
b. planting trees
c. using pesticides
d. cutting down trees
d. cutting down trees
Which set of words are related to igneous rocks?
a. layers, fossils, decaying plants and animals
b. heat, pressure, chemical changes
c. magma, crystals, heating and cooling
d. sand, sediment, fossils
c. magma, crystals, heating and cooling
What type of plate boundary can lead to sea floor spreading?
Divergent
The two outer most layers of the Earth are made up of-
a. iron
b. nickel
c. rocky material
d. liquid material
c. rocky material
Freezing water, small plants, and tree roots are all things that describe-
a. places of deposition
b. methods of erosion
c. weather conditions
d. ways rocks weather
d. ways rocks weather
Why are fossils most commonly found in sedimentary rock?
a. sedimentary rock is formed when rocks are melted in lava
b. sedimentary rock is formed when layers of material are pressed together
c. sedimentary rock is formed from weathering and erosion
d. sedimentary rock is formed when organisms and plants are frozen together
b. sedimentary rock is formed when layers of material are pressed together
Rocks that are formed by melting and cooling are called-
igneous rocks
Large continent-sized plates move slowly on Earth's surface because-
a. thermal energy from the sun
b. radiant energy from the sun
c. thermal energy moving material within the earth
d. mechanical energy moving wind and water currents
c. thermal energy moving material within the earth
Name each layer of the Earth and what makes it special.
crust-thinnest
mantle-thickest
outer core-magnetic field
inner core- hottest
What actions can cause a rock formation to look like an arch?
a. sediment and erosion
b. erosion and deposition
c. weathering and erosion
d. sediment and weathering
c. weathering and erosion
Geological features on continents such as mountain ranges are caused by-
a. volcanoes
b. plate movements
c. ocean trenches
d. deposition
b. plate movements