Physical Science
What is matter made of?
Atoms
What are the basic needs of all living organisms? (4 things)
Food, water, shelter, and air
What causes day and night?
Earth's Rotation
What is an observation?
Something you notice using your senses
What are the states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
What is the difference between a physical and chemical change?
A physical change doesn’t form a new substance; a chemical change does
What is an ecosystem?
A community of organisms and their environment
What causes the seasons?
The tilt of the Earth's axis as it orbits the sun
What is a hypothesis?
An educated guess or prediction
What is the purpose of the sun in a food chain?
It provides energy for producers
Give an example of a mixture and a solution
Mixture - trail mix
Solution - salt water
Give an example of a food chain (at least 3 links)
Ex: Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Hawk
What are the layers of Earth?
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
Name a tool you use to measure mass
Triple beam balance or digital scale
How does pollution affect ecosystems?
It harms plants, animals, and water sources
What is the Law of Conservation of Matter?
Matter cannot be created or destroyed, only changed.)
What do producers, consumers, and decomposers do?
Producers make food; consumers eat; decomposers break down dead material
How do fossils help us learn about Earth’s past?
They show what plants/animals lived long ago
Why do scientists conduct multiple trials?
To ensure accuracy and reliability
What is an inherited trait?
A trait passed from parent to offspring, like eye color
How do you separate a mixture of sand, salt, and iron filings?
Use a magnet for iron, add water and filter for sand, evaporate water for salt
How do plants and animals respond to changes in their environment? (3 options)
They adapt, migrate, or hibernate.
What is weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks rocks down; erosion moves the pieces.
What’s the difference between an independent and dependent variable?
Independent is changed; dependent is measured
Name one way humans can reduce their impact on the environment.
Recycling, conserving water, planting trees, etc.