Ecosystems
In an ecosystem, which group of organisms is responsible for converting the sun's energy into food?
producers
What type of consumer eats only other animals?
carnivore
The calculation for average speed depends on which two measurements?
distance and time
What are the inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) made out of?
rock
What causes the sun to appear to move across the sky during the day?
Because of the rotation of Earth.
In a food web diagram, what does the direction of the arrow represent?
The flow of matter (energy)
Why are decomposers important to an ecosystem?
The break down the dead organisms into nutrients for plants
If a soccer ball is moving at a constant speed and a player kicks it with a greater force in the same direction, what will happen to the ball's motion?
The ball will move faster and farther
What are the outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) made out of?
gas
A student is creating a model of the Earth-Sun-Moon system.How would you model the cause of one day on Earth?
Spin a ball one full time on its axis.
What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems on Earth?
sunlight
What is parasitism? Give an example.
A relationship where one organism benefits, and the other is harmed.
Dog and flea
Dr. Jeff and leech
A student is pushing a heavy cart. If they remove half of the weight (mass) but push with the same amount of force, how will the cart's acceleration change?
What is the difference between a comet and an asteroid?
An asteroid is made of rock, and a comet is made of ice and dust.
Why does the sun appear to be bigger and brighter than all other stars?
Because the sun is closer to Earth than all other stars.
In an ecosystem, organisms that eat only plants are called _____.
herbivores
What is mutualism? Give an example.
A relationship where both organizms benefit.
clown fish and sea anemone
cleaner shrimp and fish
Light can refract (bend) when it moves from air into water. How does this change how an object, like a straw in a glass of water, looks to our eyes?
It can make to object look bent or broken
Why is Pluto considered a dwarf planet?
Pluto does not clear its orbit of smaller debris
A student in Columbus, Ohio, notices that her shadow is very long when she walks to the bus stop at 7:30 AM. When she goes out for recess at 12:30 PM, she notices her shadow is much shorter. What causes her shadow to change?
the Earth's rotation
What is the name for the process in which producers (plants) take in sunlight and and transforms it into energy to grow?
photosynthesis
What is commensalism? Give an example.
Relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed or benefits.
Remora Fish and Sharks
Barnacles and Whales
When light waves hit a smooth surface and "bounce" back at the same angle, this is known as
reflection
What is a meteor?
A chunk of metallic or stony matter that has entered Earth's atmosphere.
In the spring we see the constellation Leo and in the fall we see constellations like Pegasus. Why do we see different constellations at different times of the year.
Because the Earth revolves (orbits) around the sun.