Earth
Students found a rock with fossils in a dry streambed. Which question can MOST LIKELY be answered by identifying the fossils in the rock?
A. How deep was the water millions of years ago where the fossils are located?
B. What type of organisms now live in the stream when it rains hard and fills with water?
C. What was the environment like millions of years ago in the area of the dry streambed?
D. How many different organisms are now living in the area of the dry streambed?
C. What was the environment like millions of years ago in the area of the dry streambed?
Which statement describes one way trees are dependent on nonliving parts of the environment?
A. Many birds build nests in trees
B. Different organisms rely on trees to provide food
C. Some trees need fire to release their seeds
D. Trees provide shade for plants that grow near them
C. Some trees need fire to release their seeds
What explains why a coin at the bottom of a pool of water seems closer to the surface than it really is?
A. Light reflects from the surface of the water
B. Light reflected from the coin changes direction as it leaves the water
C. Light travels only in straight lines after being reflected
D. Light reflected from the coin is absorbed by the water
B. Light reflected from the coin changes direction as it leaves the water
A student mixed lemon juice and sugar with warm water. Which property of both the lemon juice and the sugar stayed the same when they were mixed with the water?
A. Density
B. Color
C. Shape
D. Mass
D. Mass
How many planets in the solar system are farther from the sun than Jupiter is?
A One
B Two
C Three
D Four
C. Three
Which type of landform is caused by ice erosion?
A Delta
B Sand dune
C U-shaped valley
D V-shaped valley
C U-shaped valley
Food chains show feeding relationships between organisms living within an ecosystem. Which food chain correctly shows the flow of energy that might be found in a grassland ecosystem?
A Foxes → beetles → grasses → songbirds
B Grasses → beetles → songbirds → foxes
C Foxes → songbirds → beetles → grasses
D Grasses → foxes → songbirds → beetles
B Grasses -> beetles -> songbirds -> foxes
A student is helping a teacher move a bookcase. The student pushes on the bookcase, but the bookcase does not move. Which action should the student take in order to move the bookcase?
A. Apply more force to one side of the bookcase
B. Apply more downward for to the bookcase
C. Apply less force to the bookcase
D. Apply equal force to all sides of the bookcase
A. Apply more force to one side of the bookcase
A student added 10 grams of sugar to 500 mL of water while stirring the water. Which statement BEST describes the sugar and water after they were mixed?
A. The sugar melted in the water, and the water stayed clear
B. The sugar melted in the water, and the water turned white
C. The sugar dissolved in the water, and the water stayed clear
D. The sugar dissolved in the water, and the water turned white
C. The sugar dissolved in the water, and the water stayed clear
Which statement explains why the sun appears to move across the sky during the day?
A Earth revolves around the sun.
B Earth rotates on its axis.
C The sun revolves around Earth.
D The sun rotates on its axis.
B Earth rotates on its axis.
Which statement BEST describes the roles of weathering and erosion in the formation of sedimentary rock?
A Weathering is the movement of sediment, and erosion breaks down rocks into sediment.
B Erosion is the movement of sediment, and weathering breaks down rocks into sediment.
C Weathering is the movement of sediment, and erosion is the dropping of sediment at new locations.
D Erosion is the movement of sediment, and weathering is the dropping of sediment at new locations.
B Erosion is the movement of sediment, and weathering breaks down rocks into sediment.
Sharks are top predators that live in ocean ecosystems. People sometimes fish for sharks, catching them for food and sport. If many sharks are removed from ocean ecosystems, it can affect ecosystem communities. Which statement BEST predicts the effect of removing many sharks from ocean ecosystems?
A The variety of different organisms throughout ocean ecosystems will increase.
B The number of producers within ocean ecosystems will increase.
C Organisms that compete with the sharks for food will decrease in numbers.
D Organisms that the sharks prey on will increase in numbers.
D Organisms that the sharks prey on will increase in numbers.
A student sees and hears a battery-operated toy car moving across the room. What types of energy does the student use to see and hear the toy car? Select TWO correct answers.
Electrical
Mechanical
Sound
Light
Thermal
Sound
Light
A student conducting an investigation dissolves salt in water and then adds the salt solution to a beaker containing sand. The student now wants to separate the salt and the sand from the mixture. Which steps should the student perform to separate the salt and the sand from the mixture?
A 1. Use a magnet to remove the particles that are magnetic. 2. Pour the remaining mixture through filter paper.
B 1. Pour the new mixture through filter paper. 2. Use a magnet to remove the particles that are magnetic.
C 1. Boil the mixture. 2. Pour the new dry mixture through filter paper.
D 1. Pour the mixture through filter paper. 2. Boil the water that passes through the filter paper.
D 1. Pour the mixture through filter paper. 2. Boil the water that passes through the filter paper.
A student wants to create a model to compare the size and shape of the sun to those of Earth and the moon. Which objects would provide the BEST model?
A. A beach ball for the sun, a marble for the Earth, and a pea for the moon
B. A basketball for the sun, Earth, and the moon
C. A golf ball for the sun, a grain of sand for the Earth, and a football for the moon
D. A soccer ball for the sun, and a baseball for Earth and the moon
A. A beach ball for the sun, a marble for the Earth, and a pea for the moon
Which statement BEST describes how glaciers change the surface of Earth?
A Slow moving rivers erode the edges of glaciers, forming deltas
B. The force of strong winds causing melting ice from a glacier to form canyons
C. Glaciers move slowly over the land, weathering and eroding rock layers to form valleys
D. The continuing melting and freezing of the water in glaciers form large cracks in the land
C. Glaciers move slowly over the land, weathering and eroding rock layers to form valleys
All of the statements describe learned behaviors of birds EXCEPT—
A a crow tears a cap off of a bottle to drink milk
B a goose produces eggs with hard shells
C a pet parrot repeats the names of its human owners
D a hummingbird returns to the same bird feeder each day
B a goose produces eggs with hard shells
A student watches a toy car speed up as it rolls down a ramp. After the car gets to the bottom of the ramp, the car slows to a stop as it rolls across the classroom floor. Which force caused the car to speed up when rolling down the ramp, and which force caused it to slow down when rolling across the floor?
A Gravity caused the car to speed up when rolling down the ramp and slow down when rolling across the floor.
B Friction caused the car to speed up when rolling down the ramp and slow down when rolling across the floor.
C Gravity caused the car to speed up when rolling down the ramp, and friction caused the car to slow down when rolling across the floor.
D Friction caused the car to speed up when rolling down the ramp, and gravity caused the car to slow down when rolling across the floor.
C Gravity caused the car to speed up when rolling down the ramp, and friction caused the car to slow down when rolling across the floor.
A student groups the following materials together:
Which property did the student MOST LIKELY use to group the materials?
A. Ability to float in water
B. Physical state
C. Flexibility
D. Electrical conductivity
B. Physical state
All of the following statements about shadows are true EXCEPT–
A. shadows are not affected by Earth’s rotation.
B. shadows appear to move throughout the day.
C. a shadow is on the opposite side of the light source.
D. the Sun’s path across the sky changes the shapes of shadows.
A. shadows are not affected by Earth’s rotation.
An area of land containing living organisms may rapidly or slowly change to a surface covered with a new rock layer that does not contain any living organisms. Which statement BEST explains why this change occurs?
A. A landslide removes all soil from the area
B. A hurricane with high winds causes erosion in the area
C. An earthquake changes the land structures of the area
D. A volcanic eruption causes lava to flow into the area
D. A volcanic eruption causes lava to flow into the area
The Egyptian plover and the Nile crocodile can both be found along the Nile River. The Egyptian plover is a bird that cleans the Nile's crocodile's teeth by picking out and eating meat that is stuck between the crocodile's teeth. The Nile crocodile does not eat the Egyptian plover. Which statement best describes a relationship between a living and a nonliving component of this scenario?
A. The Nile crocodile lives along the Nile River
B. The Nile crocodile is a carnivore
C. The Egyptian plover preys on the Nile crocodile
D. The Egyptian plover lands on the Nile crocodile
A. The Nile crocodile lives along the Nile River
Which activities require for light to be refracted before reaching the eyes of the student? Select TWO correct answers. `
Students see themselves in a mirror. `
A student views an insect through a hand lens. `
A student looks at a piece of paper. `
A student sees an image on the surface of a puddle. `
Students look at a rainbow after it rains.
A student views an insect through a hand lens.
Students look at a rainbow after it rains.
This question has two parts. First, answer Part A. Then, answer Part B.
A student has three blocks. Each block is made of iron, lead, or copper. All three blocks have equal masses and are the same color.
Part A How could the student determine whether any of the blocks are made of iron?
A Place a magnet close to each of the blocks.
B Record whether the blocks float or sink in water.
C Try to dissolve the blocks in a beaker of water.
D Drop the blocks from a certain height and record any cracks.
Part B Which explanation supports the answer to Part A?
A Iron is denser than water and will therefore float.
B Iron can break more easily than copper or lead.
C Iron is magnetic and will be attracted to the magnet.
D Iron dissolves in water but copper and lead do not.
A Place a magnet close to each of the blocks.
C Iron is magnetic and will be attracted to the magnet.
Which of the following are caused by Earth’s rotation? Select THREE correct answers.
A. The apparent movement of the Sun across the sky
B. The seasons of the year
C. The change in shadow position and shape
D. The day–night cycle
E. Major storms, such as hurricanes and tornadoes
A. The apparent movement of the Sun across the sky
C. The change in shadow position and shape
D. The day–night cycle