Power of the Printed World
Why was Gutenberg's press so important?
It evolved communication. Allowed for translation of books in different languages. Allowed the poor an opportunity to learn to read.
Why is Jacques nervous about his new job in the printing shop?
He is nervous because he doesn't know how to read and is afraid it is essential/ mandatory for working in the shop.
What would happen to someone who refused to recant a view that did not follow Church doctrine?
That person would be charged with Heresy and would be punished by excommunication or death.
Which aspects of the Church did Luther began to question or doubt?
He questioned what the Church said people had to do to get into heaven as well as the role priest played in people's lives.
What is the Geocentric Model?
What is the Heliocentric Model?
*The idea that the Earth is at the center of the universe.
* The idea that the Sun is the center of the universe.
Describe what it would be like to make a book back in ancient times?
Made by hand. Copy text by hand, then illuminator adds draws the pictures, finally sewing the pages together.
What does a typesetter do?
What is type?
arranges the letter, or type, in order to form words.
Small metal letters used in a printing press to create words
What were some of the ways the Church became wealthier in the Middle Ages?
* Wealthy people left money & land to the church
*Tithes- 10 percent
*Indulgences exchanged for donations for money
Pretend you are Frederick III of Saxony, explain why you refused to obey the Pope's request to send Martin Luther to Rome?
I didn't send martin Luther to Rome because I don't like the Pope telling my subjects what to do. I'm also afraid Luther will not be treated fairly in Rome. In fact, I think the pope has TOO much power & I am tired of sending money that goes towards church celebrations.
Who was Nicolaus Copernicus, and what did he study?
* A Polish astronomer who studied the movement of the stars and planets around the same time Martin Luther was forming his religious beliefs?
why did Gutenberg choose the bible as the first large book printed on his press?
He hoped to make a lot of money because religion was important he assumed lots of people would buy them.
What Words/ or Phrases in the text that gives clues as to the way Henri feels about Jacques?
Henri yelled "out of my way boy"; Henri scowled and shook his finger; and "Get back to work, boy. If Monsieur Lafarge sees you dawdling, you'll be out of a job."
What were some of the Church practices that some people thought were corrupt?
*Indulgences (Money in exchange for "salvation")
*Wealthy people buying their way into the clergy
What did Martin Luther do in response to the Pope's Papal Bull?
What is a Papal Bull?
* He publicly defied the Pope by burning the papal bull in the town square.
* An official order issued by the Pope.
Why might Copernicus have feared the Church's reaction to his book?
What are two reasons he did not publicly announce his discoveries about the Universe.
* Church would react strongly/ negatively to anyone questioning its beliefs by accusing them of heresy and threatening them with excommunication.
*He did not have enough proof and was scared of being labeled as a Heretic.
What do Gutenberg's printing press and the Internet have in common?
Both revolutionized or changed the way and speed of communication between people
What does Henri think is just as important as being able to read?
Being honest and truthful.
Who was Martin Luther, and what promoted him to reform the church, and what did he do?
* a German Monk, devoted Catholic
* Called out the corruption going on within the Church
* Wrote 95 objections to issuing indulgences
What happened at the Diet of Worms?
Officials piled all of Martin Luther's teachings in front of him and asked him to denounce his ideas, which Luther refused to do.
How did the invention of the telescope help Galileo contradict the ideas of Aristotle and Ptolemy?
He used the telescope to make observations that proved their theories were incorrect.
* The moon was not smooth, it is rocky and has valleys, mountains, and craters
* Jupiter has additional four moons
Why were government officials and the Catholic Church worried about the printing press?
They were afraid the printing press would lead to spread ideas that could weaken the Church's power or contradict church doctrine
How does Jacques and Henri's relationship change/ develop over the course of the story?
At first Henri is strict and Jacques is afraid of him. Towards the end they get along, create a bond, and Henri offers to help Jacques learn to read
What was the relationship between the Church and the Renaissance movement?
Although the Renaissance movement began in Italy the focused of movement SHIFTED to the headquarters of the Church- ROME.
*Artist received support from the Popes who argued that the works of art they commissioned honored God & showed the power and splendor of the Church
How was Luther kept safe after he was deemed a criminal in Germany?
Why was Luther's translation of the New Testament so important?
* Frederick III arranged a fake kidnapping and hid Luther in a castle.
* The New Testament was in Latin, a language only wealthy people could read. Luther translated the Bible into German, making it more accessible and understandable for more people.
What role did the Inquisition play in the debate between the heliocentric and geocentric models of the universe?
The Inquisition was the court of the Catholic Church, and it discussed Galileo's and Copernicus's ideas. The church decided that Copernicus's teachings went against Church teachings.