Matter
Which of the following substances is an example of a compound?
a) Oxygen
b) Carbon
c) Water
d) Gold
C. Water
Which of the following best describes the relationship between force and motion?
a) Force causes motion
b) Motion causes force
c) Force opposes motion
d) Motion creates force
a) Force causes motion
Which celestial body is closest to Earth?
a) Mars
b) Venus
c) Jupiter
d) Saturn
b) Venus
Fossils found in which type of rock provide the most information about past life forms?
a) Igneous rock
b) Sedimentary rock
c) Metamorphic rock
d) Volcanic rock
b) Sedimentary rock
What adaptation allows a chameleon to change its color to match its surroundings?
a) Mimicry
b) Camouflage
c) Hibernation
d) Migration
b) Camouflage
A student mixes sugar into water until no more sugar can dissolve. What property of matter does this demonstrate?
a) Solubility
b) Density
c) Viscosity
d) Conductivity
a) Solubility
What force resists the motion of an object sliding across a rough surface?
a) Gravity
b) Tension
c) Friction
d) Magnetism
c) Friction
What causes the phases of the moon as observed from Earth?
a) Earth's rotation
b) Earth's orbit
c) The moon's rotation
d) The moon's orbit
d) The moon's orbit
What term describes the preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms?
a) Fossilization
b) Fossil record
c) Paleontology
d) Fossil fuel
a) Fossilization
Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation in animals?
a) Sharp claws in a cat
b) Thick fur on a polar bear
c) Migratory patterns of birds
d) Protective shell of a turtle
c) Migratory patterns of birds
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
a) Melting ice
b) Dissolving salt in water
c) Burning wood
d) Stretching a rubber band
c) Burning wood
When a force is applied to an object and causes it to accelerate, what physical quantity does the force produce in the object?
a) Momentum
b) Kinetic energy
c) Potential energy
d) Work
d) Work
What is the primary cause of Earth's seasons?
a) The moon's orbit
b) Earth's rotation
c) The tilt of Earth's axis
d) Changes in Earth's distance from the sun
c) The tilt of Earth's axis
What term describes the long-term patterns of temperature, precipitation, and other weather variables in an area?
a) Weather
b) Climate
c) Atmosphere
d) Erosion
b) Climate
How does a bird's beak shape contribute to its survival?
a) By helping it see in the dark
b) By providing camouflage
c) By aiding in catching prey or eating certain foods
d) By allowing it to hibernate during winter
c) By aiding in catching prey or eating certain foods
A student conducts an experiment to compare the mass of an ice cube before and after it melts. What law of conservation of mass does this experiment demonstrate?
a) Mass cannot be created
b) Mass cannot be destroyed
c) Mass can change shape
d) Mass can change volume
b) Mass cannot be destroyed
What happens to the motion of an object when the force acting on it increases?
a) The object slows down
b) The object speeds up
c) The object changes direction
d) The object remains at rest
b) The object speeds up
During which season in the Northern Hemisphere is the North Pole tilted away from the sun?
a) Summer
b) Autumn
c) Winter
d) Spring
c) Winter
How do scientists use fossils to study past climates?
a) By analyzing the color of fossilized leaves
b) By examining the size of fossilized animal bones
c) By studying the types of plants and animals that lived in different time periods
d) By measuring the radioactive decay of fossilized organisms
c) By studying the types of plants and animals that lived in different time periods
What adaptation helps desert plants conserve water?
a) Broad leaves
b) Thin stems
c) Shallow roots
d) Thick waxy cuticles
d) Thick waxy cuticles
Which of the following statements best describes the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?
a) Physical changes involve a change in composition, while chemical changes do not.
b) Chemical changes involve a change in state, while physical changes do not.
c) Physical changes are reversible, while chemical changes are not.
d) Chemical changes are usually visible, while physical changes are not.
a) Physical changes involve a change in composition, while chemical changes do not.
wo objects of different masses are dropped from the same height. How does air resistance affect their fall?
a) Air resistance affects lighter objects more than heavier objects
b) Air resistance affects heavier objects more than lighter objects
c) Air resistance affects both objects equally
d) Air resistance does not affect falling objects
b) Air resistance affects heavier objects more than lighter objects
What is the imaginary line around which Earth rotates called?
a) Equator
b) Tropic of Cancer
c) Prime Meridian
d) Axis
d) Axis
Which of the following greenhouse gases is primarily responsible for trapping heat in Earth's atmosphere?
a) Nitrogen
b) Oxygen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Methane
c) Carbon dioxide
How do plants with thorns or spines protect themselves from herbivores?
a) By producing toxic chemicals
b) By running away
c) By forming symbiotic relationships
d) By providing physical barriers against feeding
d) By providing physical barriers against feeding