Modeling Matter
The Earth System
Ecosystem Restoration
Patterns of Earth and Sky
Wild Card
100
What are the three main states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
100
What is the name of the process where water moves through the Earth’s system?
The water cycle
100
What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?
The Sun
100
What causes day and night on Earth?
The Earth’s rotation on its axis
100
What is the force that pulls things toward Earth?
Gravity
200
Draw an example of a substance
Answers will vary
200
What is the process called when a liquid turns into a gas?
Evaporation
200
What do we call an organism that breaks down dead plants and animals?
A decomposer
200
The closer a star is the ______________ it appears.
The closer a star is the brighter it appears.
200
A group of students created a circle graph that shows the distribution of water on Earth. (see image)
Which statement BEST describes the distribution of water on Earth?
A. Most of Earth's water is stored in the oceans.
B. Most of Earth's water is frozen in the polar ice caps.
C. Most of Earth's water is flowing in streams and rivers.
D. Most of Earth's water is trapped in underground aquifers.
A. Most of Earth's water is stored in the oceans.
300
What do we call the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element? (Shown in image A)
An atom
300
A volcano erupting and releasing gas into the air is an example of what two spheres interacting?
The geosphere and atmosphere
300
According to this food web, what organisms get their energy from the mouse?
The snake and the eagle.
300
What causes the seasons on Earth?
The tilt of the Earth’s axis as it orbits the sun
300
Put the following statements in the correct order to model the sequence of events that causes a landslide.
A. A wildfire kills most of the plants that help make the slope stable.
B. Heavy rainfall separates the top layer of rock from the bottom layer of rock.
C. Burrowing animals create tunnels in the soil. The soil becomes loose and easy to move.
D. Wind removes loose soil from the slope. The slope becomes very steep.
A, C, D, B
400
What happens to the molecules of water when it freezes?
They slow down and form a fixed structure
400
What is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere?
Transpiration
400
What happens to an ecosystem if a species becomes extinct?
It disrupts the balance and can lead to ecosystem collapse
400
Zyanya wants to show Darreion the Mt. Nose model. She turns her face toward the sun and tells him it's midnight. Is she correct? Why?
No; she is facing toward the sun
400
What are the four main Earth systems?
The geosphere (land), hydrosphere (water), atmosphere (air), and biosphere (living things).
500
What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?
A physical change alters the form of matter, while a chemical change creates a new substance.
500
What is the difference between weather and climate?
Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions, while climate is the average weather over a long period.
500
What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
A food chain shows a single path of energy flow, while a food web shows multiple interconnected paths.
500
A teacher tells her students that a space probe called Voyager 1 was launched in 1977. Voyager 1 is traveling away from Earth and the Sun. Until 1990, it took pictures as it moved away from the Sun along the path shown in the diagram.
How did the appearance of the Sun change in the pictures taken by Voyager 1 as it moved along its path?
A. The Sun appeared to become larger as Voyager 1 moved farther away from the Sun.
B. The Sun appeared to become less bright as Voyager 1 moved farther away from the Sun.
C. The Sun appeared to become a different color as Voyager 1 moved farther away from the Sun.
D. The Sun appeared to become a different shape as Voyager 1 moved farther away from the Sun.
B. The Sun appeared to become less bright as Voyager 1 moved farther away from the Sun.
500
A herring gull dies in the saltwater marsh.
Put the following steps in the correct order to model how the matter from the dead herring gull is moved in a saltwater marsh.
A. The blue crab eats the sheepshead minnow.
B. The grass shrimp eats the decaying matter.
C. The sheepshead minnow eats the grass shrimp.
D. Matter in the herring gull decays.
D, B. C, A
A. The blue crab eats the sheepshead minnow.
B. The grass shrimp eats the decaying matter.
C. The sheepshead minnow eats the grass shrimp.
D. Matter in the herring gull decays.