Land Ho!
What are China’s two main rivers?
Huang and Chang
What was the effect of people having access to iron weapons?
Wars and upheavals
What happened to Zhou people who committed crimes or failed to pay off their debts?
Sold into slavery
Define philosophy.
Set of beliefs about the world and how to live
According to Daoism, what is the key to harmony in the universe?
Balance between yin and yang
What physical barriers surround China?
Deserts and mountains
Two great desserts: Taklimakan and the Gobi
Towering Himalayas form a wall between China and India
South: mountains / East: Pacific Ocean
What is the mandate of heaven?
Heaven gave dynasties the right to rule
Who had the most power in the typical ancient Chinese family?
Older family members (typically male)
How did Confucius attempt to teach the wise ways of the ancestors to the Chinese people?
Started his own school
How did standardization unify China? Give 2 things that were standardized in order to unify China. (4)
Set rules to make things more similar
Examples:
1) Written language
2) Transportation
3) Weights and measures
4) Coins/Currency
What did Shang leaders do to strengthen and protect their territory?
Used their wealth to build a number of large walled cities / built dikes to hold back water from floods
Who did the Zhou Kings place in charge of individual regions or states?
Family members
Name three of Zhou’s technological advancements. (6)
1) Iron
2) Irrigation
3) Fertilizer
4) Network of roads
5) Coins
6) Crossbow
Define filial piety.
Devotion of children to their parents
How did Shi Huangdi organize the government to give the emperor more control? (4)
1) Divided China into 36 provinces
2) Provinces divided into counties
3) County leaders responsible to province heads
4) Province heads report to central government
How did Shang rulers grow stronger?
Grew extra food to feed the soldiers, so they could expand the territory
Describe the Warring States period.
Chaos and war amongst states
What role did ancestor worship play in Chinese religious traditions? What might happen if ancestors were not honored?
1) Family members lived on after death in the spirit world and protect the living
2) If not honored, spirits caused trouble
How does filial piety apply to the ruler-subject relationship?
Subjects must respect their rulers just as children must respect their parents
Why was Shi Huangdi remembered as a “cruel leader”? (Give at least 2 reasons)
Strict rules, forced tens of thousands of people to leave their homes
How did the Shang dynasty bring about its own downfall?
1. Last Shang king governed badly. Only cared about his own enjoyment. 2. People resented him. 3. Zhou attacked Shang. 4. Warriors refused to fight. 5. Surrendered and accepted Zhou king as their new ruler
How was Zhou society different from Shang society? (2)
1) No human sacrifice
2) Oracle bones not used
How did the Chinese honor their ancestors? (3)
1) Had shrines with tablets inscribed with ancestors' names
2) Set out food for them to welcome them home
3) Burned fake money
How might living according to the Five Relationships of Confucius result in a stable society?
If all people were respectful to one another, there would be no conflict
How did Shi Huangdi help cause the downfall of his government?
Strict laws caused resentment and rebellions