Heart Anatomy
Name the chambers of the heart (2)
Atrium
Ventricle
True or False:
The Left Atrium and Left Ventricle contract at the same time.
False
Ventricles contract at the same time
What is the function of an erythrocyte?
Transports oxygen
What is the calculation to find Q?
SV X HR = Q L/min
What is the correct term for the top and bottom numbers for blood pressure? Specify
Top = Systolic
Bottom = Diastolic
Which blood vessel exits the left ventricle?
Aorta
Where in the heart is the electrical impulse generated for contraction?
Sinoatrial (SA) Node
What is the function of platelets?
Clots blood
If your Q is 4.5 and your resting HR is 80 bpm. What is SV in mL?
4.5/80=0.05625 L
0.05625X1000=56.25mL
What are the units when measuring blood pressure?
mmHg
Which valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle?
Bicuspid Valve
Or
Mitral Valve
What is the sequence of excitation of heart muscle? (3)
SA node -> AV node -> Bundle of His
Name the three major functions of blood
Transports - nutrients, O2 CO2, waste products, hormones
Protects - bleeding, diseases
Regulates - body temp, water content in cells, blood pH
During exercise when SV plateaus, how does Q continue to increase?
HR increases
Which of the following exercises would cause a greater increase in blood pressure?
1 rep max back squat or
1 rep max bench press
1 rep max back squat
Larger muscles at work!
What is transported in the pulmonary artery?
Deoxygenated Blood
Which neurotransmitter causes a decrease in heart rate?
Acetylcholine
Name three substances that make up plasma
Electrolytes
Water
Proteins
Wastes
Nutrients - vitamins/hormones
Gases
What effect does endurance training have on left ventricle volume, capillarization and blood pressure
Increase left ventricle volume and capillarization
Decreased blood pressure/maintain regular (120/80 mmHg)
What mechanisms control the redistribution of blood during exercise?
Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation
Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the right atrium?
Superior/Inferior Vena Cava
As the nerve impulse travels from the SA to AV node, what does that give time for the heart to do?
Allows time for the atria to contract and for the ventricles to fill with blood. AV node leads to ventricular contraction.
Map out the path of blood through the heart. Include valves, blood vessels and chambers.
*MUST BE PERFECT
Vena Cava->Right Atrium->Tricuspid Valve->Right Ventricle->Pulmonary Valve->Pulmonary Artery->Lungs->Pulmonary Veins->Left Atrium->Bicuspid Valve->Left Ventricle->Aortic Valve->Aorta
Explain how it is possible for a trained performer and an untrained performer to have the same cardiac output for a given workload.
Trained person: Greater SV, Lower HR
Untrained person: Lower SV, Greater HR
What does diastolic blood pressure measure?
When the atrium contract and ventricles fill with blood.