Earth's Atmosphere
Pollutants
Global Warming
Water for drinking
100
What is the % of:
Nitrogen -
Oxygen -
Carbon dioxide -
78%
21%
0.04%
100
What causes incomplete combustion?
BONUS 200 if you can name 2 products of incomplete combustion!
Limited oxygen supply
BONUS 200 if carbon monoxide, soot, or water vapour
100
What does anthropogenic mean?
Man made
100
Define 'potable' water
Water that is safe to drink.
200
What planet(s) was Earth most like 4.5 billion years ago?
What released most of the carbon dioxide back then?
Venus or mars
Volcanoes
200
Describe how NO is formed.
Formed in hot car engines (1)
From N2 and O2 in the air.
200
Define climate change.
Change to long term weather patterns.
200
How can seawater be purified? Why isn't this process used more frequently?
Desalination / Simple Distillation / Reverse Osmosis
Uses lots of heat/energy
300
Name 3 carbon stores.
Coal
Oil
Gas
Rock
300
Name one harmful effect for each pollutant:
1) Carbon monoxide
2) Sulfur dioxide
3) Particulates
1) Poisonous / binds hemoglobin / reduces oxygen supply in body
2) Respiratory issues / acid rain
3) Respiratory issues / global dimming
300
State the 3 greenhouse gases.
Carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour
300
Identify and describe the 3 main processes used in treating fresh water to make it potable.
Filtration - remove large insoluble solids
Sedimentation - add aluminium sulfate to allow small insoluble solids clump together and sink
Chlorination - to kill harmful bacteria
400
Explain how the:
Water vapour levels have decreased.
Carbon dioxide levels have decreased.
Oxygen levels have increased.
1. Earth cooled and water vapour condensed to form oceans.
2. Carbon dioxide dissolved in oceans to form carbonates and was later taken in by photosynthesis.
3. Photosynthesis releases oxygen gas.
400
BONUS 400 (previous topic):
Describe and explain how crude oil is separated into fractions. You may include a diagram in your answer!
- Crude oil is heated and enters a fractionating column
- The column is cooler at the top/ hotter at the bottom
- Small hydrocarbon condense at the top
- Because they have low boiling points due to weak intermolecular forces
400
Describe the greenhouse effect in 4 steps.
1 Radiation from the sun of most wavelengths passes through the atmosphere.
2 Earth absorbs the radiation and emits it as infrared radiation.
3 Infrared radiation either escapes or is absorbed by greenhouse gasses.
4 Which re-emit radiation back to Earth.
400
BONUS 400:
Explain how aluminium is extracted for aluminium oxide
- Using electrolysis
- Aluminium oxide is molten and mixed with cryolite to lower the melting point
- Aluminium metal forms at the cathode (Reduction)
- Oxygen gas form at the anode, then react with the carbon in the anodes to form carbon dioxide gas.