Circulatory System
What is the primary purpose of the circulatory system?
Transporting oxygen, nutrients, and waste throughout the body
This muscular sheet at the bottom of the chest cavity contracts to pull air into the lungs.
Diaphragm
This is the name of the functional, filtering unit found inside the kidneys.
Nephron
These are the wave-like muscle contractions that move food down the esophagus.
Peristalsis
This is the number of small calories (c) that make up one food Calorie (C).
1000 cal
These microscopic vessels are the site where oxygen and nutrients actually enter the body's cells.
capillaries
These are the tiny, grape-like air sacs where the actual exchange of gases occurs.
Alveoli
This nitrogen-based waste product is the main component of urine.
Urea
This enzyme is produced in the stomach to break down proteins.
Pepsin
These are the building blocks that make up proteins.
Amino Acids
This term describes the blood pressure in your arteries specifically when the heart ventricles are contracting.
systolic pressure
This type of respiration occurs when oxygen moves from the blood into the body’s individual cells.
Internal Respiration
What is the cup-like structure that performs the first step of filtration?
Bowmans Capsule
These tiny, finger-like projections in the small intestine increase surface area for better absorption.
Villi
This "bad" type of cholesterol is raised by eating trans fats and saturated fats.
LDL Cholesterol
What term describes your blood pressure when your ventricles relax?
Diastalic Pressure
This flap of tissue acts as a "trapdoor" to prevent food from entering the trachea.
Epiglottis
Can the kidneys put useful nutrients and water back into the blood? (called reabsorption)
Yes
This is the primary function of the large intestine (colon).
To absorb water which compacts the waste
These are the three main types of nutrients found in food.
Carbs, Fats, Proteins
These are the four main components that make up human blood.
plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
After air leaves the pharynx and larynx, it enters this long "windpipe" before reaching the lungs. What is the windpipe called?
Besides the kidneys, these two organs also play a role in excretion by removing CO2 and sweat.
Lungs and Skin
This muscular "gate" controls the flow of food out of the stomach and into the small intestine.
Pyloric Sphincter
This is the difference between vitamins and minerals.
Vitamins are organic and minerals are inorganic