Core Principles and Functions of Public Health
Epidemiology
Equity vs. Equality
Poverty and Health
Health Behavior Models
100

Historically who has responsibility for PH, state or federal?

State

100

Define incidence?

Measure which accounts for all newly diagnosed and those that have been diagnosed previously

100

Giving everyone the same resources regardless of need is the definition of

Equality

100

What is the most common setting to deliver health-related social needs screening?

Primary care offices or clinics

100

What are the stages of change in the transtheoretical model?

  • Preparation
  • Action
  • Maintenance
  • Relapse
200

What are the 3 core functions of Public Health?

  • Assessment
  • Assurance
  • Policy Development
200

What type of study is the gold standard in epidemiology?

Randomized Controlled Trial

200

Adjusting resources so everyone has a fair chance at success is the definition of

Equity

200

What is the term/phrase for medically appropriate, cost-effective alternative treatments or settings used as substitutes for standard Medicaid benefits?

In lieu of services

200

Which model emphasizes multiple levels of influence and the idea that behaviors both shape and are shaped by the social and physical environment?

Social ecological model

300

Which perspective says we have a collective responsibility for health?

Social justice

300

How do the terms endemic and pandemic differ?

  • Endemic means and Infectious disease agent that is habitually present in an environment and can maintain a low but continuous incidence
  • Pandemic means - widespread geographic spread of a disease – spans multiple countries or continents
300

True or False: Equity always means treating everyone exactly the same

False

300

What are examples of health-related social needs?

  • Housing instability
  • Lack of transportation
  • Food insecurity
  • Affordable utilities
  • Housing quality
  • Employment
300

Which model hypothesizes that people are in different stages of readiness known as Stages of Change?

Transtheoretical model

400

What is Federalism?

Division of power between two equal governments

400

Does association equal causation?

No

400

Giving taller boxes to shorter people so all can reach the shelf is an example of equity or equality?

Equity

400

What are social determinants of health?

  • Examples are healthcare access and quality, social and community context, education access and quality, built environment,  
  • Non-medical factors that affect health outcomes
  • the conditions in the environment where we live, work and play that affect our health
  • Influences health disparities in the US
400

Cognitive, Behavioral, and Environmental Factors are part of which model?

Social Cognitive Theory

500

Name one of the 4 controversies of Public Health

  • Economic impact
  • Individual liberty
  • Moral and religious opposition
  • Political interference
500

What is a study that compares individuals who have a disease with individuals who do not have the disease?

Case-control

500

Why is equity important in public health?

It helps reduce health disparities by giving more support to those who face greater barriers

500

True or False: Disparities in health-related social needs are because of social determinants of health

True

500

What is one limitation of the transtheoretical model?

  • Ignores social context in which change occurs
  • Lines between the states are somewhat arbitrary and there is no clear criteria for how to determine a person’s stage of change
  • No clear sense for how much time is needed for each stage or how long a person can stay
  • Assumes that individuals make coherence and logical plan in their decision-making process.
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