Water Vapor
What happens to a high-energy/high-temperature gas when we cool it down? (what state of matter does it turn into?)
Its temperature decreases, its energy decreases, it turns into a liquid.
What do you think happens to the temperature of the air the higher up it is?
It becomes cooler.
What happens if particles collide at a slower speed? (think of the marble demo)
They stick together more instead of bouncing off of each other.
What is the definition of humidity?
The amount of water vapor in the air.
What is the energy of motion?
Kinetic energy
What happens to water vapor in the air if we cool the air down?
It condenses into liquid water.
How much water do clouds contain?
Millions of tons of water
What happens to water vapor if we cool the air down?
Water vapor condenses into liquid water.
Liquid water turns to water vapor when particles gain enough thermal energy to break free from the surface.
What is the energy of heat called?
Thermal energy
What do water vapor molecules turn into when they cool down?
They come together to form liquid droplets.
How do clouds form?
Clouds form when water vapor condenses into tiny droplets in cooler air.
What do you think happens at the particle level when water evaporates from an environment?
Water particles gain energy and turn into water vapor.
What is the process called that is when water vapor turns into liquid water?
Condensation
Describe what a hail cloud looks like
It is tall, extending up to 20,000 feet, darker color at the bottom, extends wider at the top
What would you expect to see if we took warm air with water vapor and cooled it down? (think of a cold cup on a hot day, what forms on the outside of the cup?)
Water vapor would form liquid droplets.
What part of the atmosphere do most clouds form in?
The troposphere mainly
What did you see the two water droplets do right after they got really close or just barely touched each other in the video?
They merged into a single, larger droplet.
What process happens when liquid water gains enough thermal energy to break free from the surface?
Evaporation
What is the type of plate boundary called when plates slide along each other in opposite directions? (plate tectonics)
Transform
Describe what happens to water vapor as it cools down
It clumps together, loses energy, the particles can condense and can possibly form a cloud
Why don’t we see clouds everywhere in the air all the time?
Because clouds form only when water vapor condenses in specific conditions
Based on the marble activity, what happens when you slowly collided the marbles? What happened when you collided the marbles faster?
Slow collision led to them grouping together. Faster collision led to them breaking apart
What did we figure out is happening at the particle level when water evaporates from an environment? (think particle energy and speed)
Particles gain energy and move faster.
What is the main cause of human pollution that increases the carbon levels within the atmosphere?
Burning fossil fuels