Scientific Investigation
A group of researchers wants to study how different water temperatures affect the activity levels of goldfish. They set up three aquariums with the following temperatures: 15°C (cold), 22°C (room temperature), and 28°C (warm). Each aquarium contains ten goldfish, and the researchers observe the fish for one hour, measuring their activity levels based on the number of times they swim to the surface.
What is the control in this experiment?
Room Temperature water
This is the major source of energy on Earth
The Sun
The law of conservation states: Energy cannot be
Created or destroyed, only transferred.
What are the 4 MAIN Elements found in Earths Oceans?
O H Na Cl
The basic building blocks of all matter are—
Atoms
A student wants to test how different amounts of heat affect the time it takes for a chemical reaction to occur with two different elements. The student hypothesizes that increasing the heat will make the reaction happen faster. In this experiment, what is the independent variable?
The amount of heat
This type of heat transfer travels through waves, such as the heat from the sun traveling to Earth.
Radiation
Whenever energy is transferred, some of the energy is always lost in the form of
Heat
What are the 4 main elements found in all living things?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, & Nitrogen
Oxygen can also be represented by an O. This is called oxygen’s chemical
Symbol
A science class is testing how different amounts of vinegar affect the speed of a baking soda reaction. They use three different amounts of vinegar: 50 milliliters, 100 milliliters, and 150 milliliters. They then mix each amount of vinegar with a fixed amount of baking soda and measure how quickly the bubbles form. What is the dependent variable?
The speed at which the bubbles are formed
This type of heat transfer happens through direct touch, such as cooking eggs in a pan.
Conduction
What is the energy transformation in a flashlight
Chemical-electrical-light
What are the 2 main elements found in Earth's Atmosphere? Which is the MOST abundant
Oxygen & Nitrogen, Nitrogen
The chemical formula for table salt is NaCl, where Na = Sodium and Cl = Chloride. If a coefficient of 2 is placed in front of Na making two sodium atoms, there will be _____ chloride atom(s).
2
Students conducted an experiment at school to see which method would conserve the most energy. They tested three actions: turning off lights when not in use, using energy-efficient light bulbs, and reducing the use of air conditioning.
What would be the dependent variable
Energy usage
This type of heat transfer causes the weather in the atmosphere and the currents in the ocean, it is also why it is warmer on the top of a bunk bed.
Convection
Describe the energy transformation in a coal burning factory. Hint: There are 4 types of Energy.
Chemical-Thermal-Mechanical-Electrical
What is the most abundant element in Earth's Crust?
Oxygen
Chemical bonds are formed between which parts of atoms?
Electrons
A factory is trying to reduce its carbon emissions and wants to test different methods to see which one works best. The factory team plans to use three different filters on the factory’s smokestacks and measure how much carbon each filter reduces. They will also keep the amount of fuel the same to make sure their results are fair.
Which of the following is the independent variable in this experiment?
The type of filter used on the smokestacks
The Earth has a "Energy Budget" if the Earth suddenly started absorbing more heat than it released what would happen to Earth's temperatures?
It would heat up!
Why do businesses in modern industrialized societies often rely on fossil fuels as their major source of energy?
Fossil fuels are more reliable and can provide energy at any time, regardless of weather conditions.
What are the 5 main elements found in Earth's Crust
Oxygen, Iron, Aluminum, Silicon, Calcium, Phosphorus, & Magnesium
When two different elements chemically combine, they form a
Compound