waves
What is a wave?
A disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another.
What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is the total internal energy of a system due to the random motion and vibration of its atoms and molecules.
What is an earthquake?
What is a lever?
A rigid bar that pivots around a fixed point called a fulcrum (e.g., a crowbar, seesaw).
newtons 1st law
Newton's first law of motion, also known as the law of inertia, states that an object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion with the same velocity, unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force. This means that objects resist changes in their state of motion
What do waves carry?
enrgey
What is the difference between thermal energy and temperature?
Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance, while thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all particles in that substance.
what couses earthqakes?
sudden release of energy as tectonic plates shift and slip along a fault line
What is an inclined plane and a wedge?
A triangular-shaped tool that is a moving inclined plane, used to split or separate materials (e.g., an axe, knife).A flat, sloped surface used to move objects up or down with less force (e.g., a ramp, escalator)
newtons 2nd law
Newton's second law of motion states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass, which can be expressed by the formula This means an object's acceleration depends on the force applied and its mass: applying more force results in greater acceleration, while increasing the mass requires more force for the same acceleration. For example, it takes more force to push a car than a bicycle, and to accelerate a car with a heavier load than an empty one.
How are waves created?
When a source of energy causes a medium to vibrate.
Is it possible for an object to have no thermal energy?
No, an object cannot have zero thermal energy in practice, as this would require it to be at absolut a state where all particle motion ceases. However, theoretically, an object at absolute zero would have zero thermal energy
Where do earthquakes occur frequently
Earthquakes occur most frequently along major tectonic plate boundaries, particularly in the circum-Pacific seismic belt, also known as the Ring of Fire
Wheel and Axle?
A wheel attached to a smaller axle, allowing for the transfer of force (e.g., a doorknob, faucet).
newtons 3rd law
Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction, meaning that forces always occur
What is the relationship between speed, frequency, and wavelength?
The formula relating these is speed = frequency x wavelength
.
How does the state of matter relate to thermal energy?
adding thermal energy increases the motion of a substance's particles, causing them to move farther apart and change state from solid to liquid to gas.
frequency of earthquakes per year
Approximately 20,000 earthquakes occur worldwide each year, with about 55 happening per day, though most are too small to be felt.
Pulley?
A grooved wheel with a rope or cable around it, used to change the direction or magnitude of a force (e.g., a flag pole, elevator)
Law of Universal Gravitation?
Newton's law of universal gravitation explained that every point mass in the universe attracts every other point mass with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. This unified the mechanics of Earth
What are the main properties of a wave?
Wavelength, frequency, amplitude, and speed.
How does heat transfer?
conduction, convection, and radiation.
What is the difference between an earthquake's magnitude and intensity?
Magnitude measures an earthquake's overall energy release at its source, represented by a single number, while intensity measures the shaking's effects on people and structures at specific locations,
screw?
An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder or post (e.g., a jar lid, screw)
what did issaic newton do?
Isaac Newton formulated the laws of motion and gravity, developed a form of calculus, and made major contributions to the science of optics. His groundbreaking work, published in Principia Mathematica, established classical mechanics and explained how objects move and are attracted to each other through gravity. He also invented the reflecting telescope and demonstrated that white light is made of all the colors of the rainbow