Definition of Acids/Bases
What is the Lewis definition of Acid and Base?
Acid is electron deficient, therefore accepting a pair of electrons from base
Base is electron sufficient, therefore donating a pair of electrons to acid
What do acids taste like?
Sour!
What do bases taste like?
Bitter!
What should you do when you eat something really spicy? Explain it in acid/base terms.
You drink milk!
Since chili peppers have capsaicin, which is a base, it can be neutralized by the protein casein in dairy products, which are acids.
What is the definition of Acid and Base according to the Lowry-Bronsted theory?
Acid is a proton donor
Base is a proton acceptor
Are acids good or bad electricity conductors?
Acids are good electricity conductors because they are electrolytes
Are bases good or bad electricity conductors?
Bases are good electricity conductors ONLY when they are in aqueous solutions because they are also electrolytes
Why are baking soda and vinegar sizzling when they are put together?
Because they form a reaction.
Baking soda (NaHCO3), which is a base, interacts with vinegar (CH3COOH), which is an acetic acid, and produces water and CO2
NaHCO3(s) + CH3COOH(l) → CO2(g) + H2O(l) + Na+(aq) + CH3COO-(aq)
What is the definition of Acid and Base according to the Arrhenius theory?
Acid generates H+ ions in a solution
Base produces an OH– ion in a solution
What do acids yield after reacting with metals like Zinc?
Hydrogen gas
i.e. Zn(s)+H2SO4(aq)→ZnSO4(aq)+H2(g)
What do bases yield after reacting with metals like Zinc?
Nothing!
Bases do not react with metals
How to make drinks carbonated?
You add CO2 in water under pressure!
When carbon dioxide that serves as an acid, reacts with water that serves as a base, it produces hydrogen and bicarbonate, making it a fizzy drink.
CO2(g) + H2O(l) ⇌ H+(g) + HCO3-(g)
How to determine if a solution is acidic or basic?
Use blue litmus paper for acids
Use red litmus paper for bases
What does an acid produce when it is reacted with a base?
Salt and water
i.e. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
What does a base produce when it is reacted with an acid?
Salt and water
i.e. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
Using the litmus paper, what color does it change to when it is in contact with an acidic solution?
Using the litmus paper, what color does it change to when it is in contact with a basic solution?
The blue litmus paper will turn red in an acidic solution.
The red litmus paper will turn blue in a basic solution.
Give 3 examples of acids in our daily life?
1. Vinegar - acetic acid
2. Batteries - sulphuric acid
3. Coca Cola - phosphorus acid
4. Explosives, dyes, paints, and fertilizers - sulphuric acid, nitiric acid
Give 3 examples of bases in our daily life?
1. Soap - NaOH
2. Paper - NaOH
3. Laxative - Mg(OH)2
4. Rayon, bleaching powder, antacid, lime, etc.
Josh ate too much at lunch and now he is not feeling well. He took some antacids, which is a base, and feels a lot better afterwards. What happened?
When you have eaten too much, excess amount of stomach acid (HCl) are produced.
Taking antacids (Mg(OH)2) will neutralize the stomach acid to relieve the discomfort Josh was feeling.