Cells
Human germ cells are relatively _____________.
radiosensitive
ARS is actually a collection of symptoms associated with:
A. Exposure to high level radiation
B. Exposure to low-level radiation
C. Exposure to moderate-level radiaton
D. Exposure to nonionizing radiation
A. Exposure to high level radiation
The use of high-dose-rate fluoroscopy for extended periods can result in:
A. Minimal total-body radiation exposure
B. A significant reduction in radiation-induced skin injuries
C. Radiation induced skin injuries
C. Radiation induced skin injuries
ARS occurs when the whole body is exposed to at least ______ Gy or more.
1
Atrophied organs and tissues can ___ their ability to function or they may recover.
lose
When cells are exposed to sublethal doses of ionizing radiation, approximately _____ of radiation-induced damage may be repaired over time and about ______ is irreparable.
90%, 10%
Which system is the most radiosensitive vital organ system in human beings?
Hematopoietic
A decrease in the number of red blood cells in the circulating blood can result in a lack of vitality and a condition known as ____.
anemia
Which of the following measures of lethality is perhaps the most accurate measure for human survival?
A. LD 10/30
B. LD 50/60
C. LD 50/30
D. LD 100/60
B. LD 50/60
When are human ovaries most radiosensitive?
During the fetal stages of life and during early childhood
After the reception of a high radiation dose, significant cell death usually results, leading to the shrinkage of organs and tissues. This process is referred to as:
Atrophy
What are the three separate dose-related syndromes that occur as part of acute radiation syndrome?
Hematopoietic syndrome, Gastrointestinal syndrome, and Cerebrovascular syndrome
Many early radiologists and dentists developed a reddening of the skin caused by exposure to ionizing radiation. This condition is called:
Radiodermatitis
After whole-body reception of large doses of ionizing radiation delivered over a short period, which of the following medical problems occurs in humans:
A. Tuberculosis
B. Hypertension
C. Multiple Sclerosis
D. Acute radiation syndrome
D. Acute radiation syndrome
____ effects are effects upon the body that was irradiated.
somatic
When cells are exposed to sublethal dose of ionizing radiation repair and recovery may occur because cells:
A. Are completely insensitive to radiation exposure
B. Exposed to sublethal doses become hypoxic and recover more efficiently
C. Contain a repair mechanism inherent in their biochemistry (repair enzymes)
D. Mutate and become radioresistant
Contain a repair mechanism inherent in their biochemistry (repair enzymes)
In humans with the gastrointestinal form of ARS the part of the body most severely affected is the:
Small intestine
Which of the following factors govern organ and tissue response to radiation exposure?
1. Growth Rate
2. Radiosensitivity
3. Reproductive Characteristics
1, 2 and 3
Occupational dose limits are linear ______.
Nonthreshold
What are the four major response stages in order?
Prodromal, Latent Period, Manifest Illness, Recovery or death
Most chromosomal damage results from the process of _____ _____ of ionizing radiation on vital biologic macromolecules
indirect action
Infection, hemorrhage, and cardiovascular collapse are symptoms that can occur as part of ARS during the:
A. Initial Stage
B. Latent Period
C. Stage called manifest illness
C. Stage called manifest illness
What local tissues will experience immediate consequences from high radiation doses:
1. Bone Marrow
2. Male and Female Reproductive Organs
3. Skin
1, 2, and 3
Possible high radiation dose consequences that would result from exposure of the whole body to types of radiation other than x-ray include which of the following?
1. Blood disorders
2. Epilation
3. Intestinal disorders
1, 2 and 3
What is part of the hematopoietic system?
1. Bone Marrow
2. Circulating Blood
3. Lymphoid Organs
1, 2, and 3