Judicial Power
What is Marbury v. Madison?
This 1803 case established the power of judicial review, empowering the Supreme Court to strike down unconstitutional acts.
What is Schenck v. United States?
In 1919, the Court ruled that speech creating a “clear and present danger” is not protected under the First Amendment.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
The landmark 1954 case that declared school segregation unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause.
What is Engel v. Vitale?
This 1962 ruling declared school-sponsored prayer unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.
What is McDonald v. Chicago?
This 2010 ruling held that the Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms applies to state and local governments.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
In 1819, the Court ruled that state taxation of a federal bank was unconstitutional, affirming federal supremacy.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District?
A 1969 case where students wearing black armbands to protest the Vietnam War was upheld as protected speech.
What is Baker v. Carr?
This 1962 case allowed federal courts to review redistricting disputes under the Equal Protection Clause.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
In 1963, the Court required that states provide attorneys to defendants who cannot afford one.
What is United States v. Lopez?
This 1995 decision limited Congress’s Commerce Clause power by striking down a law banning guns in school zones.
What is New York Times Co. v. United States?
In 1971, the Supreme Court ruled that government cannot impose prior restraint, even in national security cases.
What is Shaw v. Reno?
In 1993, the Court held that race-based districting can be challenged as unconstitutional if race is the only factor.
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
In 1972, the Court held that forcing Amish children to attend high school violated their Free Exercise rights.
What is Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?
The 2010 decision that corporate political spending is protected speech under the First Amendment.