Research Basics
This variable is manipulated by the researcher to determine its effect on another variable
Independent Variable
You want to compare weight before and after a diet program in the same group
What is a paired t-test
This statistic measures the strength and direction of a relationship between two continuous variables
What is Pearson's Correlation (r)
This validity asks, "Does this test appear to measure what it should measure?"
What is face validity
Participants drop out of some groups more than others
What is attrition
This hypothesis assumes there is no relationship, difference, or effect between variables
Null Hyopthesis
You want to compare males and females on weight loss outcomes
What is independent t-test
This non-parametic correlation test is used with ranked or ordinal data
What is Spearman's rho
This validity is demonstrated when a measure strongly correlates with another tool measuring the same construct
What is convergent validity
Natural changes over time influence outcomes rather than the intervention
What is maturation
This statistical value tells the researcher how likely their results occured by chance
A PT compares shoulder ROM outcomes among manual therapy, exercise, and ultrasound groups
What is a one-way ANOVA
Researchers found that a predictor variable had p = .03. What is the probability that the finding occurred due to chance?
What is 3%
This validity shows that a measure is not measuring a different construct
What is discriminant validity
What is history
Participants are selected based on convenience rather than random selection
What is non-probability sampling
The same participants are measured at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks
This statistic tells the researchers the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables
What is a correlation coefficient
In this sampling method, every member of the population has a known chance of selection
What is probability sampling
The control group works extra hard because they know they are not receiving the experimental treatment
A researcher finds no difference bewteen two treatment groups when a true difference actually exists is what error type?
What is Type II error
You are comparing pain and function scores across three rehabilitation programs while controlling for baseline pain
What is MANCOVA
What is an excellent negative correlation
The same PT measures knee extension strength on the same patient multiple times and obtains nearly identical results.
What is intra-rater reliability
The control group receives extra services to make up for not getting the experimental treatment
What is compensatory equalization