Kinetics
The speed at which reactants are converted to products
What does the rate of a chemical reaction measure?
This expression describes the equilibrium constant for the reaction
2NO2(g) <---> 2NO(g) + O2
what is
Kc = [NO]2[O2]
__________
[NO2]2
To resist pH changes by neutralizing added acids or bases.
What is the role of buffers in the blood?
By adding a weak acid and its conjugate base to a solution you have this.
What is a buffer?
Lizards become immobilized when their body temperature drops
What happens when the chemical reactions in lizard muscles slow down
Too quickly and it can explode, too slowly and it will not leave the ground
How does the rate at which fuel burns affect a rocket launch?
KP differs from Kc
Why partial pressures are used instead of concentrations to derive Kc
A weak acid and its conjugate base
What is a buffer solution composed of?
This simple equation allows you to determine the pH of a buffered solution.
What is the Henderson-Hasselbach equation?
A state resembling drunkenness
What is the initial effect of ethylene glycol poisoning in animals?
This expression describes the rate of a chemical reaction generally
What is the change in concentration of reactants or products divided by the change in time
Given the equilibrium concentrations [H2]= 0.1M, [I2}=0.1M, and [HI]=0.5M, calculate the value of the equilibrium constant for the reaction:
H2 (g) + I2 (g) <---> 2HI (g)
What is 25
The conjugate base component of the buffer neutralizes the added acid
How does a buffer resist changes in pH when an acid is added?
In order to see the pH change in a titration, add this substance.
What is a pH indicator?
This allows a fetus to extract oxygen from the mother's blood
The equilibrium constant of fetal hemoglobin and oxygen is larger than that of maternal hemoglobin
determine an instantaneous rate at a specific point in time
What is calculating the slope of the tangent to the concentration vs. time curve at that point
A plot shows the rate of the decomposition of SO2Cl2 into SO2 and Cl2 as a linear function of the concentration of SO2Cl2.
What is an example of a first order reaction?
The effective pH range for a buffering system with a pKa of 5.0
what is 4.0–6.0
Your blood is buffered by H2CO3 and HCO3-.
What happens when you work hard and your muscles produce lactic acid?
Why does H+ bind with HCO3- to form H2CO3.
This simple salt can be used to neutralize stomach acid.
What is milk of magnesia?
If you were monitoring gas formation using pressure measurements, which observation would indicate that your reaction vessel contains more gas molecules over time?
What are increasing pressure readings
In an exothermic reaction, the addition of heat moves the reaction in this direction.
What is left, toward the reactants?
The point where the number of moles of acid equals the number of moles of base
What is the equivalence point in an acid-base titration?
When Ksp is a very small number.
Why a compound is not very soluble.
The hydrolysis of sucrose.
What was one of the first controlled kinetics experiments?