China
What is Confucianism?
This system of thought, founded by Confucius, emphasizes moral order, social hierarchy, and the importance of education for maintaining a harmonious society.
What is Hinduism?
This ancient religion has no single founder, believes in an all-encompassing spiritual force called Brahman, and seeks liberation known as Moksha.
What is Judaism?
This ancient faith introduced the idea of one all-powerful, moral God and emphasized divine law as a guide for human behavior.
Who are Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?
This trio of Greek thinkers — Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle — laid the foundations for Western philosophy by emphasizing reason, virtue, and civic duty.
What is Daoism?
This philosophy encourages living in harmony with nature, advocating for simplicity, spontaneity, and non-interference with the natural order.
Who is the Buddha?
This religion was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, who became known by this title after achieving enlightenment.
What is Christianity?
This religion grew out of Jewish traditions and centers on the teachings of Jesus, emphasizing salvation, love, and equality before God.
What is the Roman Empire?
This ancient empire linked religion with politics and law, using spirituality to strengthen loyalty to the state and its rulers.
What is Legalism?
This belief system, most closely associated with figures like Han Feizi, calls for strict laws, harsh punishments, and centralized power to maintain order.
What is Nirvana?
Followers of Buddhism strive to end suffering and reach this ultimate state of peace and liberation.
What is ethical monotheism?
Judaism is often credited with introducing this concept ,the belief in one just and ethical God who cares about human morality.
What is Zoroastrianism?
This Persian religion, founded by the prophet Zoroaster, introduced the idea of moral dualism — the eternal struggle between good and evil.
What is the synthesis of Confucianism and Legalism?
In Chinese governance, this approach combined Confucian ideals of moral ethics and hierarchy with Legalist principles of strict laws and centralized control.
What are the Vedas?
The sacred texts of Hinduism, written in Sanskrit, contain hymns, rituals, and philosophical teachings.
What are Judaism and Christianity?
These two related faiths helped shape Western ideas about justice, morality, and the equal worth of all people.
What is democracy?
Greek philosophical ideas about logic and reason later inspired this form of government, based on participation and civic responsibility.
What is the influence of Daoism on Chinese art?
This impact of Daoism can be seen in Chinese art and spirituality, particularly in the portrayal of landscapes that symbolize harmony between humans and nature.
What are karma, rebirth, and dharma?
Both Hinduism and Buddhism share belief in these three key ideas , moral cause and effect, the cycle of rebirth, and following one’s duty.
What is the impact of Judaism and Christianity on Western civilization?
The moral and legal systems of many Western societies were influenced by these religious traditions’ emphasis on divine law and human dignity.
What are rational thought, democratic principles, and moral justice?
The combined influence of Greek philosophy, Roman law, and Zoroastrian ethics helped shape these enduring Western ideals.