Lesson 1
an English document, signed by King John in 1215, that limited the power of the monarch
What is the Magna Carta?
taxes on imports or exports
What is a tariff?
the sharing of power between a central government and the states
What is federalism?
people who opposed the Constitution
Who were the Antifederalists?
only three-fifths of a state’s slaves were counted when deciding representation in Congress
What is the Three-Fifths Compromise?
voting rights
What is suffrage?
trade between two or more states
What is interstate commerce?
a Congress of two houses that proposes and passes laws
What is the Legislative Branch?
delegate who opposed the Constitution
Who was George Mason?
a plan giving supreme power to the central government and creating a bicameral legislature made of two groups, or houses, of representatives
What is the Virginia Plan?
a set of basic principles and laws that states the powers and duties of the government
What is the constitution?
increased prices combined with the reduced value of money
What is inflation?
the president and the departments that help run the government
What is the Executive Branch
people who supported the Constitution
Who were the Federalists?
delegate from Virginia known as the “Father of the Constitution”
Who was James Madison?
official approval by the states
What is ratification?
a period of low economic activity combined with a rise in unemployment
What is depression?
a system of all the national courts
What is the Judicial Branch?
essays supporting the Constitution
What were the Federalist Papers?
meeting held in Philadelphia to create a new constitution
What is the Constitutional Convention?
a law that included Thomas Jefferson’s ideas granting religious freedom
What is the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom?
a poor farmer and Revolutionary War veteran
Who is Daniel Shays?
a system that keeps any branch of government from becoming too powerful
What are checks and balances?
official changes to a document
What are the amendments?
No unreasonable search or arrest.
What is the 4th amendment?
a law that set up a system for surveying land and dividing the Northwest Territory
What is Land Ordinance of 1785?
a 1786 uprising in which Daniel Shays led hundreds of men in a forced shutdown of the Supreme Court in Springfield, Massachusetts
What is Shays's Rebellion?
the idea that political power belongs to the people
What is popular sovereignty?
Constitutional amendments that protect the rights of citizens. These are also the first 10 amendments of the Constitution.
What are the Bill of Rights?
Citizens do not have to house soldiers.
What is the 3rd amendment?
The new national constitution, which made a new Confederation congress the national government.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
The Articles of Confederation provided no way to raise a new army.
What is a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
a plan creating a unicameral, or one-house, legislature
What is the New Jersey Plan?
Freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition.
What is the first amendment?
No double jeopardy or no witness against yourself.
What is the 5th amendment?
A law that established the Northwest Territory and formed a political system for the region.
What is the Northwest Ordinance of 1787
The courts made them sell their property to pay taxes. Daniel Shays led an uprising of farmers to protest high taxes and heavy debt
What is Shays’s Rebellion?
an agreement that gave each state one vote in the upper house of the legislature and a number of representatives based on its population in the lower house
What is the Great Compromise?
Right to bear arms.
What is the 2nd amendment?
Trial by jury.
What is the 7th amendment?
Rights of accused in criminal cases to fair trial.
What is the 6th amendment?
Other rights of the people. Powers reserved to the states.
What are the 9th and 10th amendments?
Freedom from excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishments.
What is the 8th amendment?