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What do you call the general term given to the small cell structures that carry out specific tasks and enable the cell to carry on the functions of life?
Organelles
Define Prokaryotic cells. (also known as prokaryotes)
Single celled organisms that lack a nucleus, the most common type being bacteria.
The entire area outside of the nucleus which contains all the cell’s organelles.
Cytoplasm
What is the powerhouse of the cell that converts stored chemical energy into a form that is easier to use by the cell called?
Mitochondria
Long whiplike structures that look like tails and spin rapidly to give some bacteria and other organisms the propulsion they need to move.
Flagellum
Reproduction of a cell by division into two approximately equal parts that is most common with prokaryotes and can result in huge amounts of cells in a short time if nutrients are available.
Binary fission
What is the process that rapidly raises the temperature of foods and beverages to a high enough degree that it kills the bacteria without negatively affecting taste. Pasteurization prevents illness and food spoilage that are caused by bacteria?
Pasteurization
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached.
Diffusion
Contains nearly all the cell’s DNA and is the control center for the cell.
Nucleus
Water-filled sacs that provide storage within cells and transport materials.
Vacuoles
What is a Golgi apparatus?
The site inside a cell where proteins are modified, sorted, and packed from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside of the cell.
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane such as that in cells.
Osmosis
What are Lysosomes?
Small roundish structures inside the cell containing chemicals that break down old cell parts or those that are no longer functional.
The transfer of substance across the cell membrane that requires energy.
Active transport
What are the levels of organization in multicellular life from smallest to largest?
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
What are the three structures not found in animal cells but that can be found in plant cells?
cell walls, chloroplasts, and large central vacuole.